[CES 2016] Skyworth’s 2016 OLED TV Sales Target is 200,000 Units

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Skyworth, the most enthusiastic Chinses TV company, placed OLED TV on the front of the CES 2016 booth, the largest space.

 

 

The exhibition concept, same as IFA 2015, was promotion of OLED TV’s superiority over LCD in terms of picture quality and fast response time through car racing game.

 

Furthermore, all OLED TVs exhibited this year are UHD resolution aiming for the premium TV market.

 

According to Skyworth, 2015 OLED TV sales performance is 45,000 units, with the target of 200,000 units in 2016. In 2015, the performance was weak as the OLED panel supply from LG Display was not smooth. However, compared to last year, in 2016 the panel supply from LG Display increased, and as OLED TV is a very popular product in Chinese market due to its superior picture quality compared to LCD the sales target of 2016 became much higher.

 

What is different about this exhibition is the fact that the video clip used in the Skyworth OLED TV booth is the same as the NASA video produced by LG Electronics for promotion. Previously, each companies presenting OLED TV used different contents on the screen. However, in this exhibition, by showing the same video of the sun within the space, they emphasized OLED TV’s superiority in contrast ratio and picture quality of black.

 

 

This is considered LG’s ecosystem strategy to secure OLED TV territory by sharing the video contents and increasing the consumers and attendees’ OLED TV awareness.

[CES 2016] Big Changes in LG Display

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On January 6 (local time), LG Display held a press conference with key board members in attendance including CEO Sang-Beom Han, CTO In-Byeong Kang, and head of marketing Young-Kwon Song.

 

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At this conference, unlike previously, Han conveyed strong determination and announced LG Display will invest in future large area display with OLED. This was a conviction never seen before.

 

The evidence of the confidence could be read at the exclusive exhibition. OLED TV achieved 800 nit, 150% higher than UHD Alliance’s standard of 540 nit.

 

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With transparent OLED, LG Display reached leading specs. The WRGB OLED structured transparent OLED has 40% transmittance and 600 nit of brightness through the application of the 800 nit OLED technology.

 

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Flexible OLED also was significantly different from last year. In 2015, the comparison between LG’s OLED and LCD for automotive dashboard display showed OLED to be lacking in brightness. However, this year’s exhibition showed OLED panel to have similar level of brightness as LCD and exceeding LCD’s spec with deeper black.

 

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The exhibition showed rapid development of LG Display’s OLED technology.

OLED Takes Over Monitor and Notebook Markets Too

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Following the mobile and large area panel markets, OLED is now actively entering the monitor market.

 

Until now, the monitor and notebook markets were mostly occupied by LCD. Burn-in effects and power consumption were the biggest reasons that prevented OLED panels from being applied to monitor and notebook. Generally, monitor and notebook are for office use. Within the office environment, window’s task bars and icons on the main screen are fixed. Also, as the average hours of use is much higher than TV or mobile, burn-in effects is an issue. Also as Office programs or internet browsers, which usually have white background, are used heavily, power consumption is high as OLED panel of RGB method has to drive all subpixels in order to actualize white.

 

Starting with the black and white OLED monitor in 2012, Sony steadily developed/mass produced OLED monitor. However, it is analyzed the application was possible as this OLED monitor was mostly used for medical and broadcasting uses and in different settings from the office monitor environment.

 

However, with Lenovo and HP’s announcements of OLED Notebook release, the status is changing.

 

In January 2016, Lenovo announced world’s first OLED notebook ‘X1 Yoga’ with 14 inch AMOLED panel with 2550×1440 resolution. Following this, HP also announced the release of 13.3 inch OLED hybrid laptop/tablet ‘Specter X360’ with 2560×1600 resolution.

 

These OLED panel equipped notebook releases break the existing perception that OLED panel is not suitable for monitor and notebook, and can be considered that OLED panel’s lifetime and power consumption have been achieved to be suitable for monitor and notebook. As such, much attention is on whether the OLED market will be able to greatly expand in the monitor and notebook markets following their success in mobile and TV markets.

 

Lenovo's ‘X1 Yoga’ (left), HP's ‘Specter X360 hybrid laptop/tablet’ (right), Source : Lenovo, HP

Lenovo’s ‘X1 Yoga’ (left), HP’s ‘Specter X360 hybrid laptop/tablet’ (right), Source : Lenovo, HP

[CES 2016] OLED TV Passes UHD Alliance Standards

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As a press event of CES 2016 (January 6-9), UHD Alliance, which was created by TV manufacturing companies, contents companies such as film studios, and picture and sound quality related companies to energize the declining TV market, gave a presentation on future UHD TV market and UHD Alliance activities.

 

The TV market recorded approximately 230 million units in 2015. However, this is 20 million units fewer than 2014’s 250 million, and CES reported that 2016 performance will be similar to 2015. 2016’s estimated UHD TV market, which is the premium market of 55 inch or larger, is 21% of the total TV market with approximately 48 million units.

 

The 4 key factors that UHD Alliance is pursuing in UHD TV are image resolution, color bit depth, color palate, and high dynamic range.

 

LCD TV and OLED TV that satisfy these factors are to be available from this year. In order to respond to OLED’s vivid color realization, LCD TV companies developed quantum technology. Also to draw near OLED’s contrast ratio of 1,000,000:1 they are continuing technology development, but the LCD contrast ratio remains around 3,000:1.

 

It is worth noting that UHD Alliance provided 2 HDR specs: more than 1,000 nits peak brightness at less than 0.05 nits black level, or 540 nits brightness with 0.0005 black level.

 

LG Electronics already achieved UHD Alliance’s HDR spec of 540 nit peak brightness last year, and this is analyzed to provide foundation for more invigorated future OLED TV market. Based on this, OLED TV is expected to be the main force within the UHD TV market.

 

Additionally, UBI Research estimated that 2016 OLED TV market will record 1,200,000 units.

 

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Can Transparent OLED Be OLED Industry’s New Growth Engine?

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According to Transparent OLED Display Report 2016, published by UBI Research, large area transparent AMOLED market is expected to record approximately US$ 5,300 million by 2020.

 

UBI Research revealed that “transparent OLED, with its high transmittance, is likely to be applied to transparent advertisement display such as showcases that has to properly actualize what is behind the display. Also, as the viewing angle is wide and color gamut and visibility are high, it will be widely used as transportation display such as automotive”. Furthermore, UBI Research added that as it is easy to produce flexible product and can be utilized in diverse applications that will be newly designed, market potential is very high.

 

Transparent display is a display that can recognize/process/communicate information via optically transparent display using transparent electronic device. This is a device that is ordinarily transparent as glass and functions as monitor or TV as needed. As the area where the information is shown is transparent and objects behind the display can be seen, spatial/visual limitation can be overcome and diverse application and expansion of existing display market can be anticipated. Particularly, transparent OLED’s transmittance is approximately twice as high as transparent LCD (using the recently release panel), and simple to bend. As such, key panel companies are inclined to actively develop transparent OLED.

 

In 2015, Samsung Display revealed world’s first 55 inch FHD transparent OLED with 45% transmittance and plan to mass produce from 2016. LG Display is also developing transparent OLED through project titled “60 inch or larger UD level transparent flexible display with transmittance of 40% or higher” that began in 2012. China’s BOE presented 9.55 inch transparent flexible OLED panel with 30% transmittance in SID 2015 and is actively carrying out research.

 

From these companies’ transparent OLED development, transparent OLED is anticipated to play a big role in future display market expansion.

Large Area AMOLED Market Forecast

[CES 2016] What is This Year’s Trend?

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At the press event of CES 2016 (January 6-9), CEA revealed that this year’s CES trends are as follows:

  1. Ambient sensing
  2. Aggregated learning
  3. A maturing of nascent ecosystems.

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Ambient sensing includes products with motion/touch sensors, calorie analyzing sensor, and products that automatically adjust water volume after checking the weight of the laundry. Aggregated learning’s representative technology and products are driverless vehicles. Lastly, the maturing of nascent ecosystems includes VR (virtual reality), UHD, wearable device with health and fitness function, drone, 3D printer, and smart home.

 

Compared to last year’s trends, what has been most changed was the part where the automotive related technology was introduced as adaptive customization within permeation of logic in CES 2015.

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However, this year the aggregated learning was changed to autonomous vehicle (i.e. driverless car) and demonstrated CES’ high expectations for future automotive industry.

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UBI Research to Host the 2nd OLED KOREA Conference

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UBI Research (president: Choong Hoon Yi), an OLED specializing company, announced that they will host the 2nd OLED KOREA Conference (February 24-25, 2016) at The K Hotel in Seoul, South Korea. Following the hugely successful 1st OLED KOREA Conference in April this year, the 2nd OLED KOREA Conference is expected to be an opportunity to discuss even wider range of issues from diverse perspectives.

 

OLED is continually widening its application scope and usage through TV, automotive, lighting, smartphone industries among others. This event is organized to review each sector’s response strategy and current limitations, and find solutions through in-depth discussion.

 

President of UBI Research, Choong Hoon Yi stated that “UBI Research is holding an event in Korea, a leading country in display industry, to highlight global future industries, including display sector, that can be developed and evolved and discuss current issues”.

 

OLED KOREA Conference is one of the largest conferences in OLED industry where the attendees can discuss issues on key technology development, investment, and market in one place. Its focus is on the exchange of information and thoughts to respond to rapidly changing OLED industry through the OLED experts’ in-depth understanding of the market and technology.

 

Accordingly, for the key conference speakers, UBI Research is actively inviting world renowned experts in OLED related industry including Korean and Chinese panel, manufacturing equipment, materials, and lighting companies, and leaders in academia and industry. Following the 1st OLED KOREA Conference which had approximately 130 attendees, over 200 key players in the OLED industry are anticipated to attend the 2nd event.

 

UBI Research is also hosting a separate VIP dinner event during the conference period. The dinner is expected to be a great networking opportunity where OLED industry, academia, and research board members and experts can freely discuss OLED industry. Inquiries can be made through UBI Research website.

 

The conference registration is available through the 2nd OLED KOREA Conference homepage (www.oledkoreaconference.com).

 

Looking Ahead to 2016 OLED Industry through Keywords

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  1. Flexible AMOLED Investment

In 2016, flexible AMOLED mass production line investment is expected to be actively carried out by Samsung Display, LG Display, BOE, and Japan Display. For Samsung Display to apply flexible AMOLED panel to the new Galaxy model, the mass production line investment is necessary. If they supply flexible AMOLED panel to Apple, volume of the flexible AMOLED mass production to be invested in 2016 is estimated to be grow significantly. LG Display also is expected to actively carry out flexible AMOLED line manufacturing equipment order for Gumi’s P6 line, as well as additional flexible AMOLED mass production line investment following Apple’s demand. BOE is estimated to seriously begin orders for Chengdu’s Gen6 45K flexible AMOLED mass production line.

 

  1. P10

With the announcement of new factory establishment and 1.84 billion KRW investment for part of facilities in Q4 2015, as the first step of the investment, LG Display began site construction for P10 line factory that can produce large area panel. However, the investment direction has not yet been decided. P10 could be directed to only producing large area LCD panel, large area OLED panel, small-to-medium size OLED panel, or large area and small-to-medium size OLED panel simultaneously. China’s Gen8 LCD facilities investment is quite advanced and BOE’s Gen10.5 LCD line investment has also been confirmed. As such how much LG Display’s large area LCD can bring profit has to be carefully considered. Additionally, with the increase of OLED TV consumption and the supply of OLED panel to Apple practically confirmed, OLED investment is essential. P10, Gen11 line, is the world’s largest factory site, and depending on the investment direction in 2016, it is estimated to affect OLED market’s opening time.

 

  1. Chinese OLED

Everdisplay is supplying AMOLED panel to some several Chinese set companies, and Visionox is also expected to actively supply AMOLED panel from 2016. As such, most of Chinese OLED panel companies’ OLED mass production preparation is anticipated to conclude in 2016. Accordingly, second investment by companies including Everdisplay, Visionox, and Tianma is analyzed to be possible and serious movement by China’s OLED industry could occur.

 

  1. Evaporation Equipment

Flexible AMOLED mass production line investment by Samsung Display, LG Display, Japan Display, and BOE, and other Chinese OLED panel companies’ additional installation are expected to be actively carried out from 2016. Amidst this, order of evaporation equipment, OLED production’s essential component, is expected to be an issue.

 

Evaporation equipment currently being used in mass production is mostly Japanese Canon Tokki’s. As this evaporation equipment has been verified in mass production, it is estimated that most companies, including Samsung Display, LG Display, BOE, and JDI, will want to order Canon Tokki’s evaporation equipment. However, as the production capa. of Canon Tokki’s evaporation equipment is limited, the issue is expected to be which panel company will be able to order early. At the same time, this could be a new opportunity for Korean evaporation equipment companies.

 

  1. Samsung OLED TV

At present, the TV industry trend is moving to OLED from LCD. Accordingly, Samsung Display is continuing research to resume their large area OLED for TV panel business. It is analyzed that Samsung Display possesses RGB OLED technology that uses SMS evaporation method, white OLED, and solution process OLED technology. However, as each technology has its drawbacks, they are carefully considering future directions. First, RGB OLED technology is estimated to lack Gen8 mother glass substrate evaporation equipment at present. Solution process OLED method has low material performance. For white OLED, as the key patents are owned by LG Display, technology that avoids these has to be first developed. Therefore, much attention is focused on which technology Samsung Display will use and invest in production line to enter the TV market.

Reviewing 2015 OLED Industry through Keywords

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  1. OLED TV

OLED TV, first released in Q4 2013, recorded approximately 50,000 units of shipment each in Q1 and 2 this year. The shipment increased to 100,000 units in Q3, more than twice the amount of each quarter in H1 2015. As it is estimated that close to 200,000 units were released in Q4, over 90% of LG Display’s 2015 target is expected to be achieved. This is considered to be showing price competitiveness against other TV as the price of OLED TV fell to 1/2 of the initial price and effectiveness of aggressive marketing emphasizing the advantages of OLED TV compared to newly released LCD TV. In Q3 earnings results announcement, LG Display revealed their plan of 1,000,000 units of OLED TV panel shipment in 2016 and forecast OLED TV’s growth. For the industry, 2015 has been the year that secured foothold for OLED TV’s market expansion.

 

  1. Galaxy S6 Edge

At the time of Galaxy S6 and Galaxy S6 Edge’s release, Samsung Electronics estimated the initial supply to be 50:50. However, Galaxy S6 Edge showed 70% in actual demand and this led to shortage in supply. Samsung Display met the demand by starting flexible AMOLED line operation earlier than scheduled. 2015 proved future market growth potential by opening consumers’ wallets through designs possible only with flexible AMOLED panel.

 

  1. Samsung Display Supply Diversification

During the Q3 earnings announcement, Samsung Display revealed their plan to expand non-Samsung clients by 30%. Accordingly, in Q3, when smartphone market’s growth was expected to slow down, the sales performance improved by 13% compared to its previous quarter through key client’s new product release and expansion of client base. Particularly, the market occupation of AMOLED panel shipped toward China is analyzed to have increased within the global mobile market as Chinese set companies released AMOLED panel equipped smartphones.

 

  1. Apple’s OLED Application

Apple, which has been using LCD panel for all products, first applied flexible AMOLED panel, produced by LG Display, to 2015 smartwatch Apple Watch and drew much attention. In H2, Apple diversified suppliers by using Samsung Display’s flexible AMOLED panel. This move is analyzed to be groundwork for flexible OLED application to smartphone following smartwatch. 2015 has been a year with much interest in when flexible AMOLED panel equipped iPhone will be released.

 

  1. OLED Lighting

Global OLED lighting industry went through a great transformation in 2015. OLEDWorks announced they will acquire key parts of Philips’ OLED lighting business, relevant production facilities, and intellectual property. With this take over, OLEDWorks greatly expanded business through widened product portfolio and simultaneous lighting panel mass production in the US and Germany. LG Chem. transferred OLED lighting business to LG Display. The value of transfer is 1.6 billion KRW, and it is seen to be a strategy to increase competiveness by transferring the business to LG Display with their OLED panel mass production knowledge and to focus on existing materials business. The take over and business transfer of the main players in OLED lighting industry, OLEDWorks and LG Chem., are following their own business strategy. However, following these moves, related investment is expected to be delayed for some time and eyes are on how these will affect the OLED lighting business overall.

 

New Products to be Released Using Visionox’s AMOLED Display

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On Dec. 25th, Visionox announced that two products using its display panels will soon be released, including a 5.5 inch AMOLED display applied to high-end smartphone, and a 1.45 inch AMOLED display applied to smartwatch.

 

5.5 inch AMOLED Display Panel, Source : Visionox

5.5 inch AMOLED Display Panel, Source : Visionox

 

It is noted that the 1.45 inch AMOLED display has a display resolution of 272X340 and pixel resolution of 300 ppi, which reaches the highest pixel resolution in the domestic similar products. The thickness is less than 1 mm and the frame is only 1.5 mm. Furthermore, this display also offers MIPI and SPI interface functionality.

 

1.45 inch AMOLED Display Panel, Source : Visionox

1.45 inch AMOLED Display Panel, Source : Visionox

 

The smartwatch using 1.45 AMOLED display will be on sale in mainland China during the Spring Festival 2016 and the smartphone using 5.5 AMOLED display will be released to overseas market in Mar. 2016

NTHU is reshaping the lighting world via Candlelight OLED

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Numerous researches have been sounding alarm with increasing frequency on the health hazards of blue light. They report that blue light possesses potential hazard to the retina of human eyes, circadian rhythm, melatonin secretion, and cancer risk.

 

To devise a human-friendly light source and to also trigger a “Lighting Renaissance”, the Prof. Jou’s OLED research group from National Tsing Hua University (NTHU), Taiwan, demonstrates a high light quality and blue-hazard free candlelight OLED, that serves as a good measure and a wisely choice for general lighting. Just before Christmas, the candlelight OLED has won the International Dark-Sky Association Lighting Design Award and Domestic golden lighting medal. Moreover, Taiwan’s government highlights and entirely promotes NTHU and WiseChip Semiconductor Inc. to further investigate candlelight OLED technology via the highest Ministry of Economic Affairs support in following two years. It’s surely confirmed that the health-friendly candlelight OLED can be commercialized, accessible and affordable for human mankind by the end of 2017.

 

Additionally, the IDA website announced that “Since 2006, Prof. Jou has worked with students on organic LED (OLED) lighting technologies in an effort to create lighting that minimizes negative impacts to human health. In this work, he and his research team has made numerous breakthroughs, such as the creation of very low color temperature OLED, sunlight-style OLED, pseudo-natural light OLED, and candlelight-style OLED devices. Their candlelight-style OLED has attracted a considerable attention from both academia and industries. Most importantly, the candle-like OLED has also been praised by medical experts and is considered one of the safest electricity-driven lighting sources. This lighting can be used in both indoor and outdoor applications.”

 

Upcoming lighting industrial trends should be psychological- and physiological- friendly lighting sources. Currently, the gross production value of OLED up to 4,000 billion US dollars.

 

Candlelight OLED, Source: NTHU

Candlelight OLED, Source: NTHU

 

Professor Jou's Research Team, Source: NTHU

Professor Jou’s Research Team, Source: NTHU

 

IDA Received by Professor Jou's Research Team, Source : NTHU

IDA Received by Professor Jou’s Research Team, Source : NTHU

Transparent Electrode Needs Development for Next Generation Display to Surge

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Recently, with various research results regarding transparent electrode, interest in next generation transparent electrode is increasing.

 

In early December, UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology) developed printing technology that can arrange the Ag nanowire in the direction chosen on top of substrate. Ag nanowire is transparent electrode that can be applied to large area flexible touch panel and display products. This technology allows the surface to be flat through the fusion of nanotechnology to the existing printing process and increases transmittance.

 

Around the same time, ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) developed technology that replaces thin metal electrode on top of OLED substrate with graphene transparent electrode. The metal electrode that were being used in OLED was mostly silver (Ag) material, but due to the reflection of internal light, the viewing angle changed depending on the angle. The external light also affected picture quality due to reflection. The newly developed technology used graphene that mostly does not reflect internal/external light as transparent electrode and improved transmittance and picture quality.

 

At present, ITO (indium tin oxide) is most widely used as transparent electrode materials. However, the supply is limited and flexible electronic device application is narrow. As such, the demand for the development of new materials that can replace this is greatly increasing. Particularly, as ITO is not suitable for stretchable device, the next generation transparent electrode development is considered to be a key issue for future display.

 

At 2016 Production/Process Technology Development and Application Cases by Flexible Transparent Electrode and Film Materials Seminar (December 17) held in Seoul, South Korea, Dr. Won Mok Kim of KIST (Korea Institute of Science and Technology) discussed, of many flexible transparent electrodes, TCO (transparent conductive oxide) production and process technology through presentation titled ‘TCO based flexible transparent electrode production and process technology development trend and applications’.

 

Of the transparent conductive materials, oxides have been researched the longest, and they are most widely used transparent conductive materials. Oxide including conductive materials have optical band gap of ≥3.0 eV and therefore has high transmittance and can be flexible. Kim revealed that TCO needs further improvement in conductivity and transmittance for display application.

 

Regarding transparent body, when refractive indexes of components are different, the path of light through the transparent body is refracted. When this occurs, the object becomes hazy although transparent. Haze is quantified and used to assess the transparent body’s performance. Kim explained that for solar cell the haze is purposefully increased to transmit more light to the internal active materials. However, if the display is clouded the clarity of image is reduced and therefore haze has to be lowered. To achieve this, Kim reported that the TCO’s surface roughness has to be reduced.

 

Kim revealed that there are two issues, temperature and flexibility, when TCO is used as transparent electrode. ITO’s conductivity is highest at 300 ℃, and for ZnO it is around 200 ℃. Channel cracks could occur with TCO when higher than bending strain is applied, and the crack could snap when it is bent further, destroying the device performance. Kim explained that to increase the bending strain, the thickness has to be reduced. However, when doing so as the sheet tension increases, the process has to be designed carefully considering the tradeoff.

 

Transparent electrode could be applied to display, solar cell, touch panel, and lighting among others and therefore requires much development. Although oxides have been long researched as transparent electrode materials, Kim concluded that even more diverse value can be created through fusion with next generation materials.

 

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OLED and Graphene Together Achieves Innovative Technology

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By Choong Hoon Yi

 

Korean research team is expected to greatly improve display’s transmittance and picture quality through fusing graphene technology, focus of much attention as the new material to OLED technology.

 

On December 15, ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) replaced the thin metal electrode that was used as transparent electrode on top of the OLED substrate with graphene transparent electrode, and succeeded in developing original technology that is conductive and transparent.

 

This research results were presented in Scientific Reports, a journal from the publishers of Nature on December 2.

 

The metal electrode used in OLED until now has been mostly silver material, but due to the reflection of internal light, the viewing angle changed depending on the angle. The external light also affected picture quality due to reflection.

 

In order to solve this problem, ETRI research team focused on graphene that mostly does not reflect internal/external light. By replacing the material, the team reported that the transmittance increased by approximately 40% and reflectance improved by approximately 60%.

 

OLED was successfully lighted by attaching graphene transparent electrode to the organic layer on top of the film form (23 x 23 mm, 30 ㎛ thickness) of substrate. The research team believes this will be able to contribute much when applied to transparent OLED display and white OLED-based large area OLED display in future.

 

Particularly, unlike the existing vacuum process OLED production method, this technology can be employed via lamination where film is attached to the organic layer and graphene. Therefore, OLED can be produced through simpler process. It is expected that this can be evolved into production technology using roll to roll process.

 

Additionally, ETRI, together with Hanwha Techwin, is working on applying graphene transparent electrode to OLED’s lower electrode through collaboration of high quality graphene thin film electrode materials. The related technology development results were published online by The IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

 

ETRI’s Dr. Jeong-Ik Lee (soft I/O interface research section) anticipated that “this technology will be able to play a role in widening the gap with latecomer countries in OLED industry where challenging latecomers are strong”.

 

This research was carried out through Korea’s Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning and Institute for Information & Communications Technology Promotion (IITP)’s “Energy reducing environment adapting I/O platform technology development for future advertisement service” project and Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology’s “Substrate size 5.5 generation or larger graphene film and OLED device/panel foundation and application technology development for graphene materials OLED transparent electrode and thin film encapsulation application”.

 

ETRI is planning to additionally develop sheet tension reducing technology by manufacturing metal in thin, grid forms and enlargement technology to produce mobile display size within 2016.

 

Through this technology, the research team produced 6 international patent applications and 6 papers. ETRI is intending to transfer the technology to graphene film and display panel companies among others. Commercialization is estimated to begin after 3 years.

1.Graphene transparent electrode applied lit OLED

1. Graphene transparent electrode applied lit OLED

 

2. OLED with existing thin metal electrode and graphene electrode OLED comparison (Left: Graphene, Right: Thin Metal, Ag)

2. OLED with existing thin metal electrode and graphene electrode OLED comparison (Left: Graphene, Right: Thin Metal, Ag)

 

3.Film including graphene transparent electrode applied to lamination process using OLED production

3. Comparison graph of existing thin metal electrode OLED and graphene electrode OLED

 

4.Film including graphene transparent electrode applied to lamination process using OLED production

4. Film including graphene transparent electrode applied to lamination process using OLED production

 

5.Graphene transparent electrode OLED Production Process

5. Graphene transparent electrode OLED Production Process

 

[Process Explanation]

After manufacturing laminated film, formed with bonding layer (BL) and PET film, using surface treated substrate, graphene transparent electrode is transferred on to the bonding layer. By laminating the laminated film that includes graphene transparent electrode on the substrate (lower electrode and organic layer), OLED where graphene transparent electrode is used as upper electrode is complete.

 

6.Graphene OLED of diverse colors

6. Graphene OLED of diverse colors

Now is the Time to Invest for OLED to be the Next Generation Display

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By Hyun Jun Jang

 

 

 

 

On December 10, a seminar specializing company bizocean held ‘2016 Next Generation Display’s Latest Trend and Cutting Edge Industry Application Issues and Business Creation Seminar’ in Korea Technology Center. Professor Changhee Lee of Seoul National University, the first speaker of the seminar, announced that as OLED will become the technology for future display, now is the time for investment by the companies.

 

Lee reported that the display follows camera’s resolution, and although resolution has been developed up to UHD, he forecast that it will advance further. He also added that higher the resolution, the display performance that consumers demand will increase.

 

Regarding the current display market status, Lee explained that as the LCD’s margin is falling the market has to turn to OLED, but it is still expensive and capacity is low. Additionally, from the way consumers are still using the term liquid crystal regarding Samsung’s AMOLED smartphone, Lee speculated that people have difficulty in distinguishing between LCD and OLED. He told the audience that the industry should inform the public of the OLED’s differences from LCD through transparent, flexible displays that show OLED’s superior traits, and open the market through product differentiation strategy.

 

For the future display, Lee pointed out printing OLED. He explained that although printing OLED’s lifetime, particularly blue’s, falls short compared to vacuum evaporation, it is estimated to reach commercialization stage after 2-3 years. Despite the flaws in terms of materials, Lee reported that the advantages such as reduced production cost, fast tact time, and material usage efficiency will lead to the opening of the market. For these reasons, Samsung and LG are carrying out development.

 

Lee forecast that LCD, in its maturity stage of the industry life cycle, will lead the market for a while, but OLED technology will rapidly evolve and become the focus of the next generation display market. Regarding OLED TV, Lee mentioned that large area OLED mass production through printing technology is urgent in order to achieve price competitiveness. At present, OLED’s capacity is less than 1/100 of LCD. As such, even if there is demand, supply may not be able to meet it and Lee suggested the need for investment to the companies. He added that if there is low supply when the number of customers is high, the opening of the market could be delayed.

 

<Display Market Forecast Source: Professor Changhee Lee Presentation Material>

Lee mentioned QLED as another future display technology. QLED has the same structure as OLED but uses quantum dot as the emitting materials, changing colors through different sizes. Lee reported that the color gamut is high as the wavelengths are shorter than OLED emitting materials. Also as the same material is used, QLED has an advantage of reduced material production cost and development of micro display with 2,000 ppi is complete. However, Lee added that as the lifetime is nowhere near sufficient, commercialization stage is still far away.

[Analyst Column] LCD Industry Administration to Worsen after 3 Years

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Choong Hoon Yi, Chief Analyst, UBI Research

 

 

BOE is intending to carry out a large amount of investment in order to operate Gen10.5 LCD line from 2018. Meanwhile, key set makers including Apple, Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, and Panasonic are devising strategy to move from LCD to OLED for smartphone and premium TV displays. As such, it is becoming more likely for the LCD industry to be in slump from 2018.

 

At present, the area where LCD industry can create profit is LTPS-LCD for smartphone. The forecast smartphone market for this year is approximately 15 billion units. Of this, Samsung Electronics and Apple are occupying 20% and 15% of the market respectively. OLED equipped units are less than 2 billion.

 

However, from 2018 the conditions change greatly. Firstly, Apple, which has been using LCD panel only, is estimated to change approximately 40% of the display to OLED from 2017 earliest and 2018 latest. Apple is testing flexible OLED panels of JDI, LG Display, and Samsung Display, and recommending them to invest so flexible OLED can be applied to iPhone from 2017. The total capa. Is 60K at Gen6. As new investments for Gen6 line of Samsung Display and LG Display are expected to be carried out from 2016, supply is theoretically possible from 2017.

 

Source: UBI Research Database

Source: UBI Research Database

 

If 5inch flexible OLED is produced from Gen6 line, under the assumption of 50% yield at 60K capa. 65 million units can be produced annually, and approximately 1 billion units if the yield is 80%. If Apple’s iPhone shipment in 2017 is estimated to be around 2.7 billion units, within the 50-60% yield range approximately 25% of the display is changed to OLED from LCD, and if yield reaches 80% around 40% will change. The companies that are supplying Apple with LCD for smartphone, LG Display, JDI, and Sharp, are expected to show considerable fall in sales and business. These 3 companies could be reduced to deficit financial structure just from Apple’s display change

 

Furthermore, as Apple is not producing low-priced phones, under the assumption that future iPhone could all have OLED display, Apple could cause the mobile device LCD industry to stumble after 3 years.

 

Samsung Electronics also is gradually changing Galaxy series display to OLED from LCD. Of the forecast 2015 shipment of 3 billion units, 50%, 1.5 billion units, has OLED display, but Samsung Electronics is expected to increase flexible OLED and rigid OLED equipped products in future. Particularly, as Apple is pushing for flexible OLED application from 2017, Samsung Electronics, whose utilizing OLED as the main force, is estimated to increase flexible OLED usage more than Apple. It is estimated that all Galaxy series product displays will be changed to OLED from 2019.

 

 

Under these assumptions, of the estimated smartphone market in 2020 of approximately 20 billion units, Samsung Electronics and Apple’s forecast markets’ 7 billion could be considered to use OLED.

 

Samsung Display is strengthening supply chain of set companies using their OLED panels. Samsung Display is supplying OLED panels to diverse companies such as Motorola and Huawei as well as Samsung Electronics, and also expected to supply rapidly rising Xiaomi from 2016. If smartphone display is swiftly changed to OLED from LCD from 2017, Chinese display companies that are currently expanding TFT-LCD lines are to be adversely affected.

 

Additionally, in the premium TV market, LG Electronics mentioned that they will focus on OLED TV industry at this year’s IFA2015. As a part of this, LG Display is planning to expand the current Gen8 34K to 60K by the end of next year. Furthermore, in order to respond to the 65inch market, Gen9.5 line investment is in consideration. In the early 2015, Panasonic commented that they were to withdraw from TV business but changed strategy with new plans of placing OLED TV on the market in Japan and Europe from next year.

 

As Samsung can no longer be disconnected from the OLED TV business, there are reports of investment for Gen8 OLED for TV line in 2016. Although OLED TV market is estimated to be approximately 350 thousand units this year, in 2016, when Panasonic joins in, it is expected to expand to 1.2 million units. The OLED TV’s market share in ≥55inch TV market is estimated to be only 4% but in premium TV market it is estimated to be significant value of ≥10%.

 

 

 

 

If Samsung Display invests in Gen8 OLED for TV line in 2016, from H2 2017 supply to Samsung Electronics is possible. As OLED Gen8 line’s minimum investment has to be over 60K to break even, it can be estimated that Samsung Display will invest at least 60K continuously in future.

 

Under these conditions, LCD industry can only be in crisis. Firstly, it becomes difficult for Sharp to last. Sharp, which is supplying TFT-LCD for Apple’s iPhones and LCD for Samsung Electronics’ TV, will lose key customers. Secondly, BOE, AUO, and JDI, the companies selling LCD panels to these companies, are not ready to produce OLED and therefore damage is inevitable.

 

BOE is carrying out aggressive investment with plans to lead the display industry in future with operation of Gen10.5 LCD line. Therefore, from 2018, as the main cash cow items disappear, administration pressure could increase.

 

[2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar] Oxide TFT Technology that 2015 should Spotlight

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By Hyun Jun Jang

 

During the 2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar (December 4) hosted by UBI Research, Professor Jin-Seong Park of Hanyang University gave a presentation titled OLED Oxide TFT Technology Trend, discussing oxide TFT, related industry, and technological issues as well as TFT technology that should receive the spotlight in 2016.

 

Oxide TFT has an advantage of high mobility and large area uniformity compared to a-Si TFT. As such, it is being more applied to large area OLED panel and used in LG Display’s OLED TV.

 

Park revealed that there are mainly 4 issues regarding oxide TFT and led with the reliability issue. Oxide TFT is essentially in amorphous state but when crystalized, the density and crystallizability increase; as oxygen does not move away and stay in place, defects occur less and reliability is high. Japan’s SEL and Sharp published CAAC (C-Axis Aligned Crystal) structure related oxide TFT paper, and Cornell University produced CAAC oxide TFT by increasing the substrate temperature and adjusting oxygen’s partial pressure.

 

The second issue is composition ratio. Park reported that composition ratio is the most closely related characteristic to TFT’s mobility. He revealed that recently research is being carried out centering around IGZO (indium gallium zinc oxide), but also oxide TFT research with different composition ratio is continually published. For example, ITZO (indium tin zinc oxide)’s mobility has been reported to reach 30cm/Vsec, and BOE is working on the related research. Research results, which showed increased mobility and reliability for IGZTO, which is IZTO with G added, was published, as well as ZnON (zinc oxide nitride) TFT’s 100cm/Vsec mobility. BOE demonstrated ZnO TFT applied 14.1inch AMOLED.

 

The third issue is the device structure. Park explained that efficiency can increase when top gate structure is used to oxide TFT as parasitic capacitor is not needed, but that the process is difficult. However, Park reported that JOLED revealed when self-alignment is used the number of masks used can be reduced and increases performance. This structure is applied to OLED TV by LG Display.

 

Lastly, Park gave the safety of device as the last issue. Oxide TFT can exhibit degradation effects from light, oxygen, hydrogen, and moisture. Park reported that hydrogen particularly has great effect on the safety. He explained that although the current prevailing OLED TFT is LTPS, as the panel becomes larger there will be technological competition between oxide and LTPS. Reporting that TFT which is cost efficient and shows high performance in diverse factors such as resolution will dominate the market, Park concluded his presentation.

 

 

 

[2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar] Professor Hong Mun-Pyo of Korea University Retraces Flexible OLED’s Key Issues

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By Hyun Jun Jang

 

During the 2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar (December 4) hosted by UBI Research, Professor Hong Mun-Pyo of Korea University gave a talk titled Flexible AMOLED Gas Barrier Technology Development Status. Through this presentation, he discussed in detail flexible OLED’s outline, technological issues, and encapsulation among other key issues.

 

Flexible display signifies a display that was produced on top of flexible substrate, and not an existing glass substrate, which can bend, fold, or roll without breaking. Hong emphasized flexible display is the next generation display that can simultaneously satisfy consumers and panel makers, and an area that OLED can be more valuable compared to LCD.

 

There are 3 essential issues in flexible display, substrate, TFT array, and display processes, as well as ancillary issues such as application and cost. Hong reported key issues regarding substrate and display process.

 

Flexible display uses plastic substrate, instead of glass, that is strong against shock and can bend. Therefore, handling technology that manages plastic substrate is considered a key technology in flexible display production. Hong revealed that for handling technology, a film lamination method and vanish coating method are mainly used. A film lamination method is where plastic substrate is attached to carrier glass using adhesive before being processed and a vanish coating method is where the PI substrate is coated to the carrier glass before processing. He emphasized that no matter which method is used, the debonding technology used to detach the plastic substrate from the glass plays a crucial role in deciding yield.

 

Hong followed the substrate discussion with encapsulation technology. Encapsulation technology prevents moisture and oxygen that affect OLED panel’s performance from infiltrating in order to increase the display’s lifetime. As it is a core process that decides OLED panel’s yield, OLED panel production companies are focusing on optimum encapsulation technology development.

 

Key issues of encapsulation technology that is currently being applied to flexible OLED, barrier coating related issues are considered the most important. Barrier coating is the coating applied to the plastic substrate to overcome the limitations that occur as existing glass substrate is replaced by plastic. For flexible encapsulation, as can type or frit seal technologies that were used for glass encapsulation cannot be used, face seal or TFE technologies that can be applied to flexible are used. Also, as the permeability of oxygen and moisture has to be 10-6g/m2day or less, high performing barrier coating technology is needed.

 

When barrier coating is used to flexible OLED, generally 3 problems occur. Firstly, physically cracks or particles can develop. Regarding this, Hong explained that this issue can be solved if process is properly maintained. The second problem is micro defects that can arise on the surface of plastic film, which can be solved through optimized process, according to Hong. Lastly, nano-sized pin holes can come up. Hong revealed that multi-layers of barrier coating can solve this problem.

 

Generally, when OLED panel is produced the thickness of encapsulation layer is not a big issue. However, Hong emphasized that the thickness becomes a core issue when producing flexible OLED panel. He reported that hybrid structure of encapsulation where gas barrier cover plate is attached to passivation layer placed via PECVD can be the solution.

 

Although the most suitable process technology for hybrid encapsulation production is R2R, as appropriate results are not obtained when CVD is applied to R2R, Hong reported that research is being carried out toward the sputtering using direction. He revealed that if reflection plate is added to the sputtering equipment and neutron beam release is induced, defects that occur during the sputtering process can be reduced as the target thin film stabilizes.

 

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[2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar] Can LG Display and Samsung Display Become OLED Market’s Rule Maker?

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By Hyun Jun Jang

 

At 2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar (December 4) hosted by UBI Research, UBI Research’s president Choong Hoon Yi gave a talk titled AMOLED Panel Industry Trend and Market Forecast discussing OLED industry until 2015 and forecasting 2016 OLED market.

 

Yi presented 2 issues related to flexible OLED. The first issues he discussed was regarding foldable types in foldable display. Yi explained that in-folding is where display is placed inside and out-folding has display on the outside, and revealed that in-folding type is mainly being developed. He also added that these technologies will be useful in FinTech (financial technology: new form of financial technology using mobile, social network, big data, etc.).

 

According to Yi, another issue for flexible display is film application. In order to increase the yield of flexible display, film has to replace cover glass. However, this could lead to unpleasant touch sensation and Yi emphasized technology such as polishing has to be applied to improve this to convince the consumers.

 

Regarding the market, Yi estimated that the total global smartphone market will grow to record approximately 2,000 million units until 2020, with Samsung Electronics’ 400 million units. He also estimated that the OLED display proportion of Samsung’s Galaxy series will continue to increase and that most of Galaxy products will have AMOLED panel in 2019. Of this, Yi announced that flexible OLED and rigid OLED are to record approximately 280 million units and 120 million units respectively. He also forecast that the OLED TV market will grow into approximately 11 million units and that materials and equipment companies will rapidly grow.

 

At present, the display market is entering low growth state, and companies are focusing on strengthening the market competitiveness through new technology development and production potential increase. Samsung Display is actively striving to increase OLED panel’s supply for external companies. LG Display announced 1.84 billion KRW investment for world’s largest OLED focused P10 factory and other areas.

 

Yi reported that as flexible OLED evolves, the mobile display resolution competition of the present will disappear, and he estimated that as LTPS-LCD market decreases, the sales of related panel companies, such as BOE, Sharp, JDI, and LGD, will diminish.

 

Yi also told the audience that he is expecting Samsung Electronics to put OLED TV on the market from 2018 and the sales of the companies, Sharp, AUO, and CSOT, that were supplying them with LCD panels will fall. Essentially, he explained that as the OLED market grows, LCD dealing companies’ position will weaken which will lead to the strengthening of OLED panel production and related companies’ position.

 

When asked about the future of Korean display panel companies, Yi replied that when LCD and OLED are competing, set companies decides the market. However, if OLED can unite the market, Yi emphasized that the display panel will be rebranded as Rule Maker and LG Display and Samsung Display will be in its center.

 

 

[2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar] Transparent Flexible Display’s Necessity Found in Worth

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On December 4, UBI Research hosted 2015 OLED Evaluation Seminar in HJ Convention Center in Seoul, South Korea. The first speaker, LG Display TFD Biz Operation Group’s Chief Research Engineer Jeonghyun Kim spoke on transparent and flexible display’s worth.

 

Under the title of ‘Transparent/Flexible Display’s Future’, Kim discussed overall development trend of display and marketability. At present, the display market is changing to OLED, but as the growth rate is decreasing Kim added that new market creation is necessary. He explained that this is the time for a breakthrough of new market and transparent flexible display can play the lead. Kim also mentioned the marketability of transparent flexible display that can be actualized through OLED.

 

Transparent flexible OLED display possesses high technology level required by plastic substrate, low temperature process technology, and module among others. However, while introducing transparent and flexible OLED display’s worth, Kim emphasized the need for related technology development. The transparent display’s worth, mentioned by Kim, includes space expansion potential through home interior design, communication and safety increase within public facilities, AR information on existing transparent area, and sentimental and recreational experience at observatory and gallery. Regarding flexible display’s worth, he cited mobility in thinness and lightness, utilization through digital board, and space expansion through design freedom.

 

As a prime market for transparent flexible display application, Kim discussed automotive display market; considering the automotive market trend toward driverless/electric vehicles, display utilization inside the vehicle will increase and automotive industry will seek OLED display first.

 

With the LG Display’s video with diverse applications of transparent flexible display and future direction for display, Kim concluded his presentation.

[Expert Talk] Interview with SAES Group’s Dr. Mauro Riva

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Dr. Mauro Riva, SAES Group’s OLED/OLET business developer, kindly answered a few questions regarding OLED for OLEDNET. He will be speaking at the 2nd OLED KOREA Conference (February 24-25, 2016) in Seoul, Korea.

 

With much thanks to Dr. Riva for taking the time to answer some questions, here is the full script of the interview.

 

  • What is your personal opinion on OLED’s marketability?

I believe that OLEDs have just to leverage on their unique, distinctive properties, in order to enable brand new market segments, rather than entering competition in already crowded and established markets. I mean that the specificities of organic materials make them the only candidates for creating an entire future portfolio of portable, flexible, feather-light and, possibly, low power high definition display devices.

Thus, the ability to generate really new, fancy, conformable and sustainable displays is, in my opinion, the first ingredient to boost OLED’s marketability. The second ingredient could be, in the long run, lower raw material and manufacturing costs, with respect to competing display technologies.

 

  • Is there a particular reason for your choice to speak at the OLED specific conference rather than a more general IT conference?

As an advanced materials Company, SAES Group have developed a comprehensive portfolio of functionalized polymer composites, to be integrated in a plurality of OLED device architectures. For this reason, an OLED specific conference is the perfect place to directly discuss the important theme of encapsulation, with the people working everyday on this peculiar technology. We wanted to have a direct and frank debate with scientists and technicians specifically involved in OLEDs, rather than in general IT themes, in order to be far more focused on the manifold organic diode encapsulation issues.

 

  • What are the latest issues on OLED encapsulation?

I think that OLEDs are nowadays facing the same issues they had since the beginning: basically, OLED materials are extremely sensitive to oxidizing agents and, especially, to moisture. This requires encapsulation materials with exceptionally high barrier properties, and active fillers or getters, capable of absorbing water on a single molecule basis. The optimization of many functional properties in single encapsulating materials is a very complex materials science problem. The fact that OLED materials can also be very sensitive to heat or radiations, generates many process constraints as well.

It turns out that encapsulation materials must be specifically engineered taking into account the OLED structure, the device architecture, the chemical and physical nature of the materials and, nevertheless, the specific processes to be applied. Perfecting OLED encapsulation is thus a very challenging task, which requires deep technical interaction between advanced encapsulation materials providers and OLED makers.

 

  • Could you tell me about development concept and characteristics? Also perhaps recent performances and outcome?

As far as the Organic Electronics Business Development Area is concerned, we provide a very large portfolio of active edge sealants, active transparent fillers, dispensable getters. These products come as the result of our deep know-how in functional polymer composites, and they are specially tailored to address customers’ specific OLED designs and processes. Leveraging on our functional polymer composite technology, we have been able to develop solventless formulations, with water sorption capacities exceeding 13 percent in weight and very high flexibility and adhesiveness for fully bendable devices. Our products can be applied via screen printing, blading, syringe, ink-jetting, ODF and even be employed in thin film encapsulation structures, to make them simpler and more reliable.

Together with the functional polymer composite based products, we also provide high performance tape dryers, as thin as 110 microns, for R&D and small scale bottom emission OLEDs. Another important class of products is related to AlkaMax: this technology offers an efficient and safe method of depositing ultrapure alkali metals. Our alkali metal dispensers and pills keep the alkali metal pure in the form of a stable salt, until it is thermally activated in the evaporation chamber.

 

  • What are OLED related main manufacturing equipment type and who are your main clients?

We see syringe dispensing as one of the main methods for dispensing our functional polymer composites. Ink-jetting is also becoming more and more widespread, together with ODF, especially for active fillers. As of today, we get the most revenues in this field from PMOLED makers. The AMOLED market is broadening, and we have some very good customers there as well, who are especially in need of effective solutions for smartphone and tablet size high definition displays. OLED lighting is still early stage, but we are already collaborating with the major players in that field, so far at R&D or pre-production stage. The main market for our products for the organic electronics market is indeed Asia.

 

  • Are there any areas where you are collaborating with material companies?

We have many collaborations worldwide, with other material companies as well. Regarding the functional polymer composite technology, we are collaborating in the areas of organic electronics, specialized food packaging and gas barrier films.

We are also engaged in very fruitful collaborations with specialized equipment makers.

 

  • Is there anything you would like to add?

I would just kindly invite everyone who is interested in OLED encapsulation to visit our website and to directly contact us, for deepening all the technical aspects about our product portfolio.

The proactive and collaborating approach with our customers and the Research and Innovation focus have always been the heart of our Company way of doing: the OLEDs world offers us a real exciting and challenging arena for making innovation happen, together with all the players involved in this fascinating emerging technology.

 

 

Professor Jang-Ung Park of UNIST Discusses Transparent Electrode’s Present and Future

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During the International Advanced Materials & Application Technology Expo (November 25-27), Professor Jang-Ung Park of Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) gave an in-depth lecture on transparent electrode’s new technology and research results under the presentation title of ‘Technology Trend and Development Direction of High Performance Transparent & Stretchable Electrodes Using Graphene and Ag Nanowire Complex’.

 

Transparent electrode is an electronic component with usually ≥80% transparency, and sheet tension of ≤500Ω/ㅁ of conductivity. This technology is widely used in electronics including LCD front electrode and OLED electrode in display, touchscreen, solar cell, and optoelectronic device.

 

Park explained that the main market for transparent electrode is display and touchscreen, and announced that the transparent electrode market is to grow into US$4,800 million in 2020 from 2015’s US$ 3,400 million.

 

The electrode materials that is mainly being used at present is ITO (indium tin oxide) film produced through evaporation or sputtering. ITO’s merits include good conductivity from the low sheet tension and suitable for mass production. However, China is the main producer of the rare main material, indium, and has a drawback of high processing temperature. As such, research for indium replacement is continuing.

 

Graphene, CNT (carbon nano tube), Ag nanowire, and metal mesh are some of the materials that are in the spotlight as ITO replacement. However, Park emphasized that transparent electrodes that are being developed at present have difficulty in surpassing ITO in terms of electronical and optical properties. Instead, he explained that as the display shape changes, the replacement material can be used for displays where ITO cannot be applied.

 

At present, ITO is being used as the main electrode material for flat display. However, its weakness against mechanical stress and limitation in flexibility led to some views that flexible display application will be difficult. Regarding this Park explained that thickness of substrate is more important than ITO’s traits for display’s curvature radius and therefore if substrate becomes thinner, ITO can be applied even to foldable display as well as flexible. He added that although folding the display is acceptable, stretchable display is impossible as the properties are destroyed when pulled.

 

Park emphasized that in order for the wearable display market, including the smartwatch market, to grow, the comfort of the user is important. He reported as a human body does not conform to a specific curvature radius, to improve the user comfort, stretchable panel that can bend in diverse directions is a necessity. For this to be possible, transparent electrode that can replace ITO is required.

 

For example, watch shaped application can be replaced with stretchable display up to the strap part that wraps around the wrist. Glasses shaped application can have stretchable display for curved areas such as lenses. Also, within textiles industry, research into smart textiles through electronic circuit application is continuing.

 

As the transparent electrode that can replace ITO, Park suggested graphene and Ag nanowire complex. Ag nanowire reduces high sheet tension of graphene, and graphene prevents Ag nanowire’s oxidization, complementing each other. Park revealed that ≥90% transmittance and ≤30Ω/ㅁ was achieved through research. He emphasized as stretchability increased to 100%, it is suitable for stretchable display.

 

According to Park, transparent electrode can be applied to transparent stretchable sensor and transparent TFT as well as display. With confirmation of continued research regarding this issue, Park concluded his presentation.

The Opening of OLED TV Market, Starts Now

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On November 25, LG Electronics and LG Display announced that they are planning to reveal OLED sculptures in various shapes such as tunnel, waves, cylinder, and others using 250 units of 55inch OLED panels at N Seoul Tower in South Korea. The sculptures will screen diverse contents with artistic merit and provide extraordinary spectacle while advertising OLED’s astonishing picture quality.

 

This N Seoul Tower OLED sculpture installation is the second OLED signage that LG Electronics revealed to the public; on November 19, LG Electronics installed ‘OLED Moment’, a supersize OLED signage, in 2 locations in Incheon International Airport and held a completion ceremony.

 

LG Electronics is aiming to lead the OLED TV market through 2 track strategy of OLED TV price reduction and OLED promotion. At the Q2 performance announcement, they revealed their plan for aggressive marketing through OLED promotion. The successive OLED sculpture installation can be seen as a part of LG Electronics’ OLED promotion strategy.

 

This strategy is analyzed to be fairly effective. On November 3, LG electronics revealed that the October sales figure was 4,500 units which is more than twice the amount sold in the beginning of the year. At the same time, OLED TV is continually falling down. 55inch UHD OLED TV, which was priced around US$ 3,000 on amazon.com in September, fell to the current around US$ 2,000.

 

Japan’s Panasonic revealed their plan to actively sell UHD OLED TV from 2016. China’s companies including Skyworth, Changhong, Hisense, and Konka are intending to present or release OLED TV.

 

With LG’s aggressive OLED TV marketing and the increase of OLED TV selling companies, the industry’s attention is on the future OLED TV market’s growth. According to UBI Research, OLED TV market is estimated to grow and record approximately 17 million units in 2020.

 

LG's OLED Tunnel to be Installed in N Seoul Tower, LG Electronics

LG’s OLED Tunnel to be Installed in N Seoul Tower, LG Electronics

Korea’s Survival Hangs on OLED; Government Support is Urgently Needed

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The last 5 years of budget for Korean semiconductor, which is a key industry for the nation, and display related industry’s original technology development expenses was researched and analyzed.

 

Electronic information device sector’s expenses can be categorized into semiconductor, display, LED/lighting, and evaluation maintenance fee.

 
In 2011, 130,000 million KRW was provided as technology development expense, but since then the amount annually decreased. In 2015, the amount was 95,000 million KRW, but in 2016, it is estimated to decrease further 42% and only 55,000 million KRW is expected to be provided.

 

weekly focus 1

 

weekly focus 2

 

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Semiconductor funding for 2015 occupies 58% of the total budget with 54,800 million KRW. Although that amount will be reduced to 35,600 million KRW in 2016, it is expected to occupy 65% of the total funding.

 

For display section, the 2015 funding is only 19,500 million KRW, a 21% of the total budge. In 2016, this is estimated to fall to 17%.

 

The government funding for display sector, which is the core of Korean electronic information industry, is around the same level as LED/Lighting sector.

 

The rapid reduction of government funding for display industry is expected to cause much difficulty in future display business.

 

weekly focus 4

 

 

The Korean display panel market that is being maintained by 2 companies, Samsung Display and LG Display, recorded 62 billion KRW in 2012. However, it fell to 52 billion KRW in 2014, and the market power is gradually weakening. As Chinese companies are becoming more active in LCD market, Korean companies’ price competitiveness is waning in low-priced panel market.

 

If BOE’s Gen10.5 line begins operation in 2018, Korean display companies’ market power is analyzed to rapidly fall in LCD market. In order for the Korean display business to take-off again, now is the time for the government to fund OLED panel which has high added value.

ETRI Reveals Graphene Applied OLED Lighting

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At R&D Korea 2015 (November 19-21), ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) revealed OLED lighting and graphene related research results.

 

Since 2013, ETRI has been participating in ‘Graphene Applied OLED Device/Panel Technology Development’ project as a supervising organization. This project is a part of ‘Graphene Device/Component Commercialization Technology Business’, which is a Korean national project. This project’s ultimate aims include development of graphene electrode material with ≥15Ω sheet resistance, ≥90% transmittance, 3nm thickness, ≤5% sheet resistance uniformity, ≤5nm surface profile, and ≥5.5 generation area, graphene based protection layer that can be used for 5.5 generation 55inch OLED panel with ≤10-6 g/m2 WVTR, graphene anode OLED with ≥90% external quantum efficiency compared to ITO anode OLED, and diagonally 1300mm OLED panel prototype.

 

ETR1

 

In this exhibition, ETRI presented OLED lighting that used graphene as the electrode. ETRI’s Dr. Jeong-Ik Lee explained that recently interest in graphene electrode is increasing to replace ITO electrode and to apply graphene electrode, optical, electrical, and process issues have to be considered. When graphene is used as OLED electrode instead of ITO, thickness and refractive index change optically and electrically energy levels change, and these have to be considered when designing. He also emphasized that in terms of process, it has to be designed keeping in mind of before and after process of electrode procedure. Dr. Lee revealed that at present optical and electrical issues are solved while the process issues are in research stage, and they are planning to present the results of this research within this year.

 

Graphene, with its high resistivity, is known as next generation electrode material favorable to flexible and foldable. Dr. Lee pointed out that graphene has wider viewing angle than ITO when used as transparent electrode is another important advantage, and particularly as white light source’s spectrum cannot change according to the viewing angle, graphene is suitable for application.

 

Graphene is a key material with a wide arrange of applications, it is being developed in diverse areas such as OLED encapsulation as well as in electrode sector. The Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning of Korea estimated that domestic graphene market will record 19 billion KRW until 2025. Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology, the organization in charge of this national project, gave their target as developing 9 top technology through graphene and achieve 17 billion KRW sales. Regarding this, Dr. Lee emphasized compared to other countries, Korean investment in graphene is relatively low and that now is the time for the Korean corporations and government agencies to pay more attention higher value-added businesses.

AMOLED Smartphone to Exceed 200 Million Units This Year

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It is anticipated that AMOLED display equipped smartphone will exceed 200 million units this year.

 

According to a market research company UBI Research, AMOLED equipped smartphone recorded 60 million units in Q3 2015, and estimated the total shipment of this year to be above 220 million units. This is approximately a 40% increase compared to last year’s result of 160 million units.

 

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This increase of shipment for AMOLED applied smartphone in 2015 is analyzed to be due to AMOLED panel application to low-to-mid priced smartphone and increase in the number of models produced.

 

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Q3 2015 performance of 60 million units is a 26% QoQ, and 80% YoY, and analyzed to be showing a rapid growth.

 

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[Automotive Display Seminar] Automotive Display, Urgent Transparent Display Technology Development Needed

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By Choong Hoon Yi

 

On November 13, Automotive Display Development Technology and Commercialization Planning seminar was hosted by Educational Center of Future Technology in Yeouido, South Korea.

 

KATECH (Korea Automotive Technology Institute)’s Dr. Sun-Hong Park explained that “as the automotive display market grows, display market’s domain is expanding” and announced “market for CID (Central Information Display) that mainly functions as navigation device and HUD (Head Up Display) that can show mileage and speed is steadily growing since 2008 and it is anticipated to grow considerably in future”. He added that particularly, 7inch or larger CID is increasing its market share in display market and that CID is becoming larger. He also mentioned that with the increase of traffic accidents from driver’s lack of attention to the road, HUD that can show information on the front window is necessary. However, legibility issues due to brightness and reflectiveness and technological issues such as integration with other display device need to be solved.

 

Dr. Sun-Hong Park of KATECH (Korea Automotive Technology Institute)

Dr. Sun-Hong Park of KATECH (Korea Automotive Technology Institute)

 

Dr. Chi-Sun Hwang of ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) compared display technology that can actualize transparent display, and technological issues to be solved in order for it to be applied to automotive. Hwang explained that although display technology that can produce transparent display include LCD, OLED TFEL (thin film EL), HUD (projection) among others, AMOLED is the most suitable considering resolution and transmittance. Although LCD technology level is at commercialization stage, as the transmittance is not high it can interfere with the driver’s viewing field. He also added that “poly Si TFT technology performance is good, transmittance is limited. However, oxide TFT technology’s transmittance is high and performance is continuing to improve, it needs to be more actively developed”. To be used as an automotive display, it has to meet certain conditions such as temperature, production cost, and brightness to be an automotive component as well as being placed in the suitable location in the driver’s viewing field; compared to other general display, automotive display is facing higher number of technical issues.

 

Dr. Chi-Sun Hwang of ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)

Dr. Chi-Sun Hwang of ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)

 

Source: Dr. Chi-Sun Hwang of ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)

Source: Dr. Chi-Sun Hwang of ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)

 

With the focus on the transparent display from automotive display industry, the interest in the technology needed for the application to automotive is also increasing. In order to lead the automotive display market, understanding of automotive components’ characteristics and effort to solve the diverse issues facing the optimized driving condition are required as well as knowledge of display itself.

[Expert Talk] Dr. Mauro Riva, SAES Group’s OLED/OLET Business Developer, on Encapsulation

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Dr. Mauro Riva, SAES Group’s OLED/OLET business developer, discussed his views on OLED in general as well as SAES Group’s technology through his interview with the OLEDNET and presentation at the OLEDs World Summit (October 27-29) titled ‘The Encapsulation Question’.

 

Encapsulation is required to prevent the oxidation of emitting and electrode materials by blocking moisture and oxygen. It also protects the device from mechanical and physical shocks. The basic configurations of encapsulation can be divided into 3: glass-to-glass, barrier film lamination, and thin film encapsulation methods. Glass-to-glass configuration is applied to rigid AMOLED for mass produced mobile, barrier film lamination and thin film encapsulation methods are used for flexible AMOLED, and barrier film lamination is used for large area AMOLED panel for TV.

 

Source: SAES Group, OLEDs World Summit 2015

Source: SAES Group, OLEDs World Summit 2015

 

According to Dr. Riva OLED encapsulation is still facing the same issues it had since the beginning: OLED materials’ extreme sensitivity to oxidizing agents and moisture in particular. He added that OLED materials can also be very sensitive to heat or radiations, generating many process constraints. Encapsulation technology is directly related to the lifetime of the OLED device and Dr. Riva raised several questions regarding the current issues surrounding the technology including the appropriate target lifetime, best definition of “lifetime”, and reliability of the “accelerated tests”. He emphasized that while much progress have been made, a “single optimal, universal solution” does not exist yet to meet various encapsulation requirements depending on OLED architecture, materials, environment, applications, etc. As such, encapsulation materials have to be specifically engineered to meet different types of OLED devices while having “exceptionally high barrier properties, and active fillers or getters, capable of absorbing water on a single molecule basis”. Thus, perfecting this technology is a very challenging task, and, according to Dr. Riva, something that requires in depth collaboration between advance encapsulation materials providers and OLED makers.

 

For their part in this technology progression, Dr. Riva reported that SAES Group provides a very large portfolio of active edge sealants, active transparent fillers, and dispensable getters. He explained that the portfolio is the results of deep know-how in functional polymer composites (FPC), “specially tailored to address customers’ specific OLED designs and processes”. Discussing the FPC during his talk in OLEDs World Summit, Dr. Riva emphasized the versatility of this approach.

 

Source: SAES Group, OLEDs World Summit 2015

Source: SAES Group, OLEDs World Summit 2015

 

Regarding application methods for SAES Group’s FPC products, Dr. Riva explained that they can be dispensed via screen printing, blading, syringe, ink-jetting, ODF (one drop filling), and even be employed in thin film encapsulation structures, to make them simpler and more reliable. Furthermore, Dr. Riva reported that while SAES Group considers syringe dispensing as one of the main methods for applying their FPC, “ink-jetting is also becoming more and more widespread, together with ODF, especially for active fillers”.

 

Dr. Riva believes the FPC could play an important role in making the encapsulation more effective, and that SAES Group can “leverage on its advanced materials expertise” and in-depth getter/purification knowledge, to “perfect FPC based encapsulation solutions for OLEDs”. 11% of SAES Group’s net sales is allocated to Research and Innovation every year with strong cooperation with universities and R&D centers. The company is collaborating with many companies in diverse areas of interest such as OLED lighting, manufacturing equipment, specialized food packaging, and gas barrier films. This proactive and collaborating approach will enable the SAES Group to play a key role in developing more marketable OLED devices.

 

[Expert Talk] OLEDWorks’ Co-founder David DeJoy Talks New Lighting Experience

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Through an interview with OLEDNET and his presentation during the OLEDs World Summit (October 27-29), OLEDWorks’ co-founder, chairman and CEO David DeJoy discussed OLEDWorks’ vision and OLED lighting.

 

OLEDWorks hit the headlines in April this year when it was announced they would acquire key OLED assets and relevant intellectual property from Royal Philips whose main OLED product is Lumiblade. This acquisition was finalized earlier this month, taking this relatively small but already dynamic player within the OLED lighting industry to another level with plans that include continuing production in both Germany and the US, and expanding the product portfolio.

 

As the world’s first area light source, OLED lighting is naturally diffusive. As the light is uniform without flickers, the glare and eye fatigue is minimized. Although it is similar to LED in that it is a solid-state lighting, OLED produces little heat and color temperature can be easily adjusted. With its thinness of the panel and no need for extra installation space, OLED lighting can bring forth new design perspectives and applications. During his talk, DeJoy commented that OLED will bring the light closer to the user and will deliver a better light experience in diverse settings including patient rooms, recovery rooms in hospitals, retail, and museums.

 

Although customer response to OLED light quality is extremely positive, DeJoy acknowledged that it is facing many challenges in entering the lighting market and divided the strategy to overcome this into “the four ‘A’s”: awareness, adaptability, availability, and affordability.

 

The ‘awareness’ includes education about the technology and benefits, as well as confidence in the OLED lighting technology reliability. The effort to build the OLED lighting awareness includes government partnerships such as DOE Funded Gateway Projects, and NYSERDA Demonstration Projects. Designers and architects are also increasingly turning to OLED for inspiration and source material. OLED lighting’s previously mentioned advantages are closely linked to the second ‘A’, ‘adaptability’. Its thinness, lack of heat, and no need for additional installation space mean that OLED lighting can easily be integrated into fixtures and used as a building material by being directly mounted on surfaces. On the subject of ‘availability’, DeJoy emphasized that more luminaire and final products should become more available to specifiers. He added that there are many in product development but they need to get into the hands of the end user. Discussing the ‘affordability’ of OLED lighting, DeJoy used OLED panel cost scenario published by the US Department of Energy which estimates that the panel price will continue to fall to reach US$10/klm, which corresponds to approximately US$100/m2, in 2025. DeJoy added that when examining the affordability of OLED lighting, the total cost has to be considered. For example, OLED lighting does not require heat sink or extra installation cost. Also, many applications do not need very high lumen output with focused beams; “it is not all about $/klm”.

 

Source: US Department of Energy

Source: US Department of Energy

 

DeJoy explained that OLEDWorks long term goal is making OLED lighting adaptable and available, making it easier to change the lighting when it is broken, and be user friendly. He reported that OLEDWorks will continue to expand the product portfolio, which now includes Lumiblade, for “increased performance, additional form factors, and additional CCT options, while reducing product costs”. DeJoy also added that this is “akin to the LED evolution and consistent with the U.S. Department of Energy forecast”. With their proactive and enthusiastic approach to the OLED lighting market, the industry is watching OLEDWorks with great interest. OLEDWorks’ effect on OLED lighting market is expected to be significant.

Visionox Reveals 604PPI High Resolution AMOLED

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On November 12, Visionox announced that they recently developed 604ppi (approximately 4.85inch) high resolution full color OLED panel through FMM (fine metal mask) using evaporation technology.

 

Visionox Z-Type(Source : OLED-info)

Visionox Z-Type(Source : OLED-info)

 

In 2014, Visionox developed 570ppi RGB AMOLED panel with newly developed pixel structure, Z-Type. This Z-Type arrangement had larger blue sub-pixel with green and red sub-pixels beside it. The new panel has resolution of 604ppi which is a 35ppi increase from the 2014 panel. With this new reveal, Visionox displayed their high resolution OLED technology improvement.

 

The 604ppi panel combined the self-developed pixel layout under proprietary intellectual property rights and co-developed Chinese FMM. The resolution is 2,560 × 1,440, manufactured using real RGB method and not pentile.

 

Chinese companies are developing their high resolution AMOLED panel technology at a fast pace. In August, EverDisplay presented 734ppi 6inch panel, and the technology difference with Korean panel companies is rapidly decreasing.

 

Visionox revealed that this OLED panel shows Visionox’s research development for high resolution OLED is continuing and aptly demonstrated the current results.

 

604 PPI High Resolution Display Panel (real RGB) (Source: Visionox)

604 PPI High Resolution Display Panel (real RGB) (Source: Visionox)

[IWFPE 2015] What Will Replace ITO?

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2015 IWFPE (International Workshop on Flexible & Printable Electronics) was held at Le Win Hotel in Jeonju, South Korea (November 4-6). During the workshop, many OLED display related presentations commented on ITO’s replacement material.

 

Dr. Jennifer Colegrove, CEO of US research company Touch Display Research, discussed hot trends of 2015-2016. Dr. Colegrove included high resolution, transparent display, wearable device, and flexible display in the hot trends. Of these she pointed out ITO replacement material regarding touch panel. She mentioning metal mesh, silver nanowire, CNT, and graphene as materials that could replace ITO. Dr. Colegrove added that the material has to be flexible in order to be applicable to flexible display and needs to have high efficiency.

 

그래핀

 

Hanwha Techwin’s Dr. Seungmin Cho announced that graphene, which has higher uniformity compared to ITO, will be the material of future. With lower resistance than ITO, graphene shows good characteristics, but Dr. Cho explained that high cost and particles produced are issues that need to be solved. He also commented that China selected graphene related national projects and is striving to develop the technology.

 

Dr. Hyunkoo Lee of ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) presented that the multi-layered graphene that ETRI, Sungkyunkwan University, and KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) co-developed will become the material that can replace ITO. He also introduced the results that as the transmittance is particularly high, it is suitable for transparent display, and compared to silver nanowire material in high resolution top emission structure, the display’s brightness is higher.

 

ITO replacement development is an issue for the future of display industry’s progress. It is estimated that research development on graphene as one of the ITO replacement electrodes will be actively carried out.

 

그래핀2

[IWFPE 2015] AUO’s Bendable AMOLED

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During the IWFPE 2015 (November 4-6) held in Jeonju, South Korea, AUO gave a presentation on bendable AMOLED’s concept and technology first revealed in August.

 

AUO’s R&D manager Terence Lai reported that the bendable AMOELD can actualize new user interface through applying display’s bending characteristics and this can be the innovation that could change the existing touch interface.

 

AUO’s bendable AMOLED is 5inch with 295 PPI using the LTPS TFT and hybrid encapsulation with top emission structure. It has 02.mm thickness and through bending sensor of file type, it can process diverse functions by detecting different bending directions.

 

Current flexible AMOLED trend is moving from curved to foldable, jumping past bendable. Key panel companies and research laboratories are focusing on developing foldable.

 

It is anticipated that the AUO’s bendable AMOLED panel will provide new direction for the flexible AMOLED development that is heading toward foldable. Development of applications suitable to bendable and functions that utilizes bending characteristics are expected to be key issues.

 

AUO's 5" Bendable AMOLED Prototype

AUO’s 5″ Bendable AMOLED Prototype

LG OLED TV Records Highest Monthly Sales Volume

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LG Electronics’ strategy of OLED promotion and OLED TV price reduction appears to be working successfully.

 

On November 3, LG Electronics reported that the October sales exceeded 4,500 units, twice the volume of early 2015. Particularly, the sales volume of the first week of October exceeded 2,000 units and contributed to breaking the monthly sales volume record.

 

The OLED TV’s bigger price drops from the last week of September seem to have led the high sales volume in the first week of October. According to Amazon, 55inch FHD curved OLED TV fell to US$ 1,797 from October, approximately a 28% drop from August’s US$ 2,499. 55inch UHD curved OLED TV and UHD flat OLED TV also fell to the US$ 2,000 range, making the price difference with UHD LCD TV to be US$ 500. This price competitiveness is analyzed to contribute to the increased sales volume.

 

Aggressive marketing is also a factor for this sales volume growth. In September, LG Electronics installed OLED TV in 39 key airports in 23 countries including the US, Germany, and Russia, and revealed plan to install approximately 200 units of OLED TV until the end of October. Advertisement of OLED TV can also be easily seen in Korean subway stations. LG Electronics’ OLED promotion strategy, revealed during the Q2 performance announcement appears to be effective.

 

Recently, LG Electronics announced their aim to lead the OLED TV market through strengthening OLED=LG image and OLED TV and UHD TV product diversification.

 

 

LG 55inch OLED TV Price Changes

LG 55inch OLED TV Price Changes

LG Electronics Strives to Establish OLED=LG Image

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On October 29, during the performance announcement, LG Electronics revealed their plan to carry out aggressive marketing through establishment of OLED=LG image.

 

LG Electronics Home Entertainment business reported that the TV shipment doubled in this quarter compared its previous quarter due to OLED TV and UHD TV product mix. LG Electronics reported that OLED TV market expansion from Korea and North America into Europe and Russia among others contributed to the sales increase.

 

LG Electronics is anticipating sales increase in Q4 from peak TV market and general market promotion brought premium TV sales expansion. Accordingly, LG Electronics forecast their Q4 sales to be similar to 2014 and that business profit to increase slightly due to improvement in TV’s profit stabilization.

 

Regarding aggressive marketing from Chinse TV companies including Hisense, and TCL, Jinho Ha of LG Electronics Home Entertainment planning department, admitted the threat. However, through premium TV technology such as smart TV, design, and OLED, Ha explained that they will secure product superiority. He also added that Chinse companies’ North American TV market share is around 3% in terms of volume and remains minimal in revenue.

 

New premium OLED TV release brought better than expected response from consumers. It is also receiving positive reviews; several media have selected the product as this year’s TV. The company reported that they will strive to expand the market through extension from the premium TV.

 

LG Electronics’ total revenue was announced to be 13,000 million USD* with business profit of 270 million USD. Home Entertainment department reported 4,000 million USD, a 9% increase from previous quarter, with business profit of 33 million USD.

 

* 1 USD = 1,100 KRW

ETRI’s Doo-Hee Cho Receives IEC 1906 Award

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On October 23, ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) Information & Communications Core Technology Research Laboratory’s Dr. Doo-Hee Cho received IEC 1906 Award at World Standards Day ceremony. The IEC 1906 Award recognizes exceptional current achievements and it is presented by the International Electrotechnical Commission, one of the top 3 international standards organizations.

 

Dr. Cho has been active in IEC since his involvement in 2009. The activities include serving as the president of IEC·TC34 (lighting)’s OLED working group and establishment of IEC 62866: Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) panels for general lighting – Safety requirements.

 

Founded in 1906, IEC is one of the top 3 international standards organizations along with ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and ITU (International Telecommunication Union) with 83 member countries. IEC established IEC 1906 Award in 2004. Since then they have been selecting industry’s experts with outstanding contribution to electrotechnical standardization and IEC development and presenting the award annually. With this award for Dr. Cho, acceleration to OLED lighting’s international standardization and OLED lighting business growth are anticipated.

 

IEC 1906 Award Badge

IEC 1906 Award Badge

 

 

IEC 1906 Award Certificate

IEC 1906 Award Certificate

 

조두희박사

Dr. Doo-Hee Cho

 

LG Display Reveals Confidence in OLED

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On October 22, LG Display emphasized their conviction in large area OLED and plastic OLED once again when announcing the performance results held in LG Twin Towers. LG Display revealed that their future business will be OLED and will lead the market through OLED.

 

LG Display’s CFO Sang-don Kim announced that OLED is the top priority in terms of portfolio, and regarding display’s future direction, explained that there is new momentum through automotive, IoT, and commercial display. He also added that the sales did not quite meet what was estimated earlier this year but it is on proper track.

 

LG Display is estimating 400-500 thousand units of OLED TV panel shipment for TV and aiming for 1 million units next year. Regarding the poor sales, he gave trial errors in new technology development, which was the main focus, as the reason. LG Display will plan optimized investment after market trend consideration.

 

In 2015, 55inch or larger panel for TV occupied 8% of the shipment, but the target is gradually increasing it to 20% or higher. LG Display highlighted TVs are becoming larger at a fast pace; 65inch and 77inch OLED TV, rather than what was expected to be the main product 55inch, showed higher than expected sales. Kim explained that to maximize production cost reduction of OLED panel, they are internally adjusting material cost and yield. He also forecast that the demand will increase through production increasing projects.

 

LG Display recorded 7,000 million USD* of revenue in 2015 Q3. This 7% increase compared to its previous quarter is due to the increase of shipment area through TV’s panel size increase and success of product mix. Business profit fell by 32% compared to previous quarter with 300 million USD*. LG Display revealed they will push for profit improvement through inventory level management and operation rate adjustment. They also reported they will strengthen competitiveness through synergy with OLED lighting business and showed anticipation for future.

 

* 1 USD = 1,100 KRW

 

LG디스플레이

Absolute Requirements for the Automotive OLED Display’s Success

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On October 15, in IMID Exhibition Business Forum held in Korea International Exhibition Center (October 14-16), KATECH (Korea Automotive Technology Institute)’s head of Intelligent Control System R&D Center Dr. Inbeom Yang presented ‘Future of Automotive Technology and the Role of Smart Display’ and forecast the future of automotive display.

 

Dr. Yang revealed that “if existing vehicles focused on technological factors, future vehicles will evolve entirely centering on the driver, and the automotive display also will develop following this trend”. He also added that the driver’s safety and convenience have to be the priority.

 

Dr. Yang gave 4 examples of future automotive display. Firstly, he discussed ADAS and their flaws. ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) help the driver to operate the vehicle safely. If ADAS can be actualized through displays such as HUD (head-up display), the driver’s safety can be maintained with ease.

 

The second item mentioned was a function that notifies the driver status reports linked with time and location. Dr. Yang reported that a device needs to be developed that can function in specific situations with sensors and sounds as well as on display.

 

Dr. Yang forecast that if display, touch technology, and haptic technology are combined and applied to vehicles, operation and feedback will be simpler for the driver. He announced that multi-functional & configuration display will also be introduced which will allow driver to recognize and control.

 

Audi’s concept vehicle that was presented in IAA 2015 Audi e-tron quattro has full OLED interface and all functions required for the vehicle operation can be controlled via touch display without physical buttons.

 

As futuristic displays such as these are developed that increases driver’s convenience, the proportion of display within a vehicle is expected to increase, and developed focusing on the driver centered UI (user interface). OLED Display can maximize the driver’s accuracy with fast response rate and high contrast ratio. Along with safety, and design freedom that comes with flexibility, it is suitable for automotive display. However, the linkage with the UI system optimized for the driver is essential rather than performance of the display panel itself; collaboration between display panel companies, and automotive system and peripheral companies is expected to be a major point in early market occupancy between automotive display panel companies.

 

Audi Q7 3.0 TDI quattro ,Geneva International Motor Show

Audi Q7 3.0 TDI quattro ,Geneva International Motor Show

LG Electronics Bets on OLED TV

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LG Electronics actively began aggressive marketing for OLED TV.

 

In IMID Exhibition (October 14-16), LG Electronics installed an OLED comparison experience zone to allow the visitors to see OLED TV and LCD TV at once. This direct comparison exhibition with OLED and LCD is the 2nd one after one in WIS 2015. In this exhibition in IMID Exhibition 2015, LG Electronics presented their new 2015 release 55inch UHD LCD TV and 55inch UHD OLED TV. This is considered a reflection of LG Electronics’ determination to target the market through OLED TV rather than LCD TV.

 

LCD TV is illuminated through BLU and therefore difficult to achieve perfect black. Through IMID Exhibition 2015’s comparison experience zone, LG Electronics emphasized OLED TV’s merits such as perfect black, perfect viewing angle, and ultra slim design.

 

Since the release of OLED TV, LG Electronics continued presentations that emphasized OLED TV’s advantages in diverse exhibitions. However, recently they are pursuing aggressive promotion focusing on OLED even exhibiting comparison against their own latest LCD TV. On the other hand, their rival Samsung Electronics is maintaining their 2-track strategy of using OLED and LCD in different applications each. The industry is focused on how these development will affect the large area TV market.

 

OLED Comparison Experience Zone, LG Display, IMID 2015

OLED Comparison Experience Zone, LG Display, IMID 2015

Samsung to Increase External Transaction by More Than 30%

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Samsung Electronics reported a third-quarter earnings through a conference call on October 29 local time. Samsung Display’s Chang Hoon Lee revealed that OLED panel’s production cost can now compete against LCD and the company has plans to increase the external transaction ratio by more than 30% of yield.

The display business department was expected to have a difficult time in Q3 2015 due to the smartphone market’s slowdown of growth and latecomers’ competitiveness increase. However, with the key customer base’s release of new products and increase of new clientele, and secured operation ratio, the performance results improved.

Lee also revealed 2016 strategy of increasing the low-to-medium priced products, expanding the new market, diversifying products, and procuring transaction base. Lee also added that Samsung will prepare to secure new growth power through transparent, mirror, HUD, and automotive display development via technology leadership in areas such as flexible OLED.

It was also announced that the additional installation of OLED line will be decided after examining the market status. A3 line has been in operation since April. Supply competitiveness will be strengthened through complementary investment for existing line.

Samsung Electronics recorded a 6% increase compared to the previous quarter with revenue of USD 47 billion. With the help of currency exchange rate, business profit showed approximately USD455 million compared to the previous quarter with USD 6.7 billion.

Samsung Display Expands AMOLED Panel Supply. A Green Light for AMOLED Business?

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On October 7, Samsung Electronics announced tentative Q3 performance results. The announced sales figure and operating profit are approximately US$ 46,000 million and US$ 7,000 million each. These figures are an increase of 5.07% from previous quarter’s sales (US$ 44 thousand million) and a 5.8% increase from previous quarter’s operating profit (US$ 6,000 million), much higher numbers than industry’s expectations.

 

Compared to the same period in 2014, operating profit increased by 79.80%, and since last year’s Q4, the rise is continuing for the 4th quarter. The display business department’s much higher figures than expected is considered to be the main reason for this performance increase.

 

The major cause for this positive effects is increase in demand for general class AMOLED panel through Samsung Display’s aggressive procurement of customer base; AMOLED panel is applied to Samsung Electronics’ mid to low priced smartphones and there is great increase in AMOLED panel applied products by set companies of other countries such as China.

 

Due to the increased demand, Samsung Display’s operation rate rose, and it is estimated that this will also greatly affect material companies’ performance improvement.

Solution Process Panel, Cheaper To Produce than LCD

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According to 2015 Solution Process OLED Report, published by UBI Research on October 14, solution process technology could produce 55inch OLED panel at approximately 43% cheaper cost compared to WRGB method.

 

The report added that this value is the result of analysis of 2015 Q2 55inch UHD OLED panel price and yield, which is slightly higher than current production price of 55inch UHD LCD panel. However, considering that the solution process OLED structure will become simplified and that yield of backplane and encapsulation can be improved, the OLED panels will be able to be produced at lower cost than LCD panel. The report also revealed that solution process OLED can be an alternative solution for large area OLED panel in achieving price competitiveness.

 

Solution process is a technology that can produce large area RGB pixel OLED panel using Gen8, or higher, equipment without cutting the mother glass. Key AMOLED panel companies are active in developing this technology.

 

However, as solvent is used in order to turn the existing evaporation material into ink, its purity is decreased leading to lower emitting efficiency and therefore lower lifetime. Despite these factors, key panel companies’ enthusiasm for solution process technology is due to the high emitting material usage efficiency without using color filter, and simple structure compared to WRGB OLED panel which leads to production cost decrease.

 

Panasonic has been most active in developing solution process applied OLED panel, and has presented several times in CES and IFA. BOE and AUO also have revealed solution process OLED panel produced via ink-jet manufacturing equipment, and CSOT is considering solution process development. Samsung Display and LG Display, leaders of AMOLED industry, are also actively developing the technology. LG Display has adopted Gen8 ink-jet manufacturing equipment, and Samsung Display has started solution process OLED panel development with a focus on ink-jet manufacturing equipment companies.

 

Material and manufacturing equipment companies as well as panel companies are leading the solution process technology development and commercialization. Kateeva agreed on technology collaboration with Sumitomo Chem. while Merck did the same with Seiko Epson. DuPont recently revealed that they enlarged solution process OLED material production facilities and began operation.

 

Following these participation by key panel, material, and manufacturing equipment companies in solution process technology development and commercialization, it is anticipated that the solution process OLED panel market will record rapid growth.

 

UBI Research’s 2015 Solution Process OLED Report forecast that solution process OLED panel market will actively begin mass production from 2018 and show approximately US$ 2,329 million in 2020.

 

Solution process OLED panel수정2

LG Chem.’s OLED Lighting Business Toward LGD. What is the Future Direction?

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It was announced that LG Display will take over LG Chem.’s OLED lighting business department. As the department that was leading the opening of OLED lighting panel market is being merged into LG Display, a significant change in OLED lighting industry is anticipated.

 

One of the merits of this merge is expected to be further improving OLED lighting panel’s mass production potential through LG Display’s existing OLED panel mass production line, labor, and technology. Additionally, when new investment of OLED lighting panel mass production line is being processed, time and cost can be reduced on the basis of LG Display’s manufacturing equipment/material supply chains.

 

On the other hand, as OLED lighting market is still in initial stages the size is not so large. As such, whether LG Display will newly invest is a key issue. Generally, for display panel companies that invest with market size of thousands of millions of dollars in mind, OLED lighting panel line’s new investment does not seem to have a great advantage for LG Display.

 

Therefore, if LG Display carries out OLED lighting panel business, the first step is estimated to be mass production in parts of Paju’s AP2 line rather than new investment for OLED lighting panel mass production line. If parts of AP2 line begin mass production first, mass production timing can be much sooner than new investment and can positively affect expansion of OLED lighting panel market.

 

The issue is marketing strategy. In 2009, Samsung Electronics successfully opened AMOLED smartphone market in Korea via push strategy using AMOLED themed music video that became viral. Much like this, in order to show profit in OLED lighting panel business, LG Display should open the market through push marketing strategy.

TAG Heuer to Unveil Smartwatch Worth $1,800

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On September 29 (local time), the TAG Heuer CEO, Jean-Claude Biver, told CNBC news that they will unveil their Android-powered smartwatch on November 9 at the LVMH building in New York. The announced price for the connected watch is $1,800.

 

The watch, Carrera 01, is produced by TAG Heuer, French luxury group LVMH’s biggest watchmaker, using Google’s Android OS in a venture with Intel. Biver told CNBC that could not have had better partners than Intel and Google for their first smartwatch. He also revealed he loved the Apple-Hermes deals because it showed that the smartwatch has cracked the luxury market.

 

“We were a little bit concerned about the price, because we’re going to sell it at $1,800 … and now we are quite reassured because Apple is telling us we can sell at $1,500 or even more,” he said. “I’m very, very pleased.”

 

Biver also told CNBC that TAG Heuer would not try to chase Apple but instead chase Swiss watch industry.

 

LG UHD OLED TV Price Falls Once More

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The price of OLED TV by LG Electronics is falling fast. The 55inch flat UHD OLED TV (55EF9500), released last month, fell to $3,999 in 3 weeks, a 27% decrease from the initial $5,499. This price decrease is much faster than that of LG Electronics’ curved model of 55inch UHD OLED TV released in April.

 

Samsung Electronics’ 55inch SUHD TV, UN55JS9000, showed approximately over $2,500 price difference in comparison with 55EF9500 between the 1st week and the 2nd week of September. However, in the 3rd week, UN55JS9000 and 55EF9500 each showed 4% and 15% of decrease rate to record $2,497 and $3,999 respectively, with approximately $1,500 difference. This is the highest reduction rate for LG Electronics’ OLED TV.

 

lg oled tv price fall

 

In addition to the price reduction, LG Electronics is marketing their products aggressively. They are in the process of installing OLED TV this month in 39 key airports in 23 countries including the US, Germany, and Russia, with plans to install approximately 200 units of OLED TV by the end of October.

The 17th Annual OLEDs World Summit

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The 17th annual OLEDs World Summit, located just outside of San Francisco, CA is taking place October 27-29.  This conference will bring together over 200 experts from across the lighting and display industries to examine the materials, technology, and strategies needed to push broader OLED use. The OLEDs World Summit 2015 program provides the perfect forum for industry leaders to exchange ideas.

 

In addition the dynamic content, the OLEDs Word Summit provides attendees with numerous networking opportunities that allow you to connect with key decision makers in the OLEDs marketplace. The OLEDs World Summit features networking opportunities such as a Tuesday evening reception where attendees can tour Acuity Brands Facility while enjoying wine & hors D’oeuvres and a Wednesday evening reception at the Claremont Hotel Club & Spa where you’ll be able to continue conversations with colleagues and industry leaders.

 

Don’t miss the longest-running, preeminent technical event dedicated exclusively to the OLEDs industry! Register today to take advantage of special pricing!

 

 

[IAA 2015] Audi and Porsche, Propose Future Models of Smart Car

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At IAA 2015 (September 17 – 27), Audi and Porsche presented OLED lighting and display equipped vehicles.

 

In the past, Audi has proved OLED technology’s excellence through diverse models and demonstrations, including introduction of ‘swarm’ in 2013 with its 3D OLED car rear lighting panels. At this motor show, Audi revealed Audi e-tron quattro, the first concept car with Matrix OLED technology. As well as the Matrix OLED lighting, interior OLED display was also applied to the concept car. Audi explained that the Matrix OLED lighting, which was applied to the rear lighting, can continuously change lights and does not cast shadow. Full OLED interface was also applied to the car and all functions required in driving can be control by display touch. Audi revealed that they will gradually apply these technology to next generation Audi series.

 

Porsche presented their first four-seat electric sports car Mission E as a concept model. The instrument cluster for this concept car is displayed virtually in OLED. The menu can be activated through buttons on the handle. It can also be automatically activated as the cluster’s eye tracking system can perceive the driver’s attention. The display also follows the seat position and body attitude of the driver in what is known as a parallax effect; the display moves according to the driver’s posture for easier viewing. Porsche revealed that Porsche Car Connect technology will also be applied which will allow the user to control key functions of the vehicle through a smartphone.

 

As OLED using lighting and display are actively applied to smart cars, attention on the automotive OLED is also increasing. At the National Research Development Industry General Workshop, held in July 2015, Samsung Display and LG Display each stated their thoughts on display that will be applied to future smart cars.

 

Samsung Display’s executive director Hye Yong Chu asserted that smart is display’s future, including smart car. She also explained that for the actualization of smart technology, other ancillary smart technology, such as eye tracking and voice recognition technology, are required.

 

Yoon Sooyoung, LG Display’s vice president, stated that automotive display can be used for CID, dashboard, cluster, and window, and that the development of transparent and flexible technology is necessary.

 

During the keynote session of IMID 2015, Munhyun Kim of Hyundai Motors revealed that OLED panels will mainly be applied to smart car compared to LCD as it can easily be flexible. He also added that the automotive OLED’s percentage within the total OLED market will increase, and anticipated that it will exceed 30% in 2017.

 

 

Porsche Mission E, Porsche Home page

Porsche Mission E, Porsche Home page

Q2 AMOLED Market, the Largest So Far

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According to UBI Research’s Weekly OLED Analysis Report, Q2 AMOLED panels recorded the largest shipment and sales so far. With 56 million units, the Q2 shipment increased by 35% in comparison with Q1, and a 19% increase compared to the same period last year. US$ 2,800 million was recorded for sales, which is a 65% increase compared to its previous quarter.

 

Last quarter’s AMOLED market growth is due to Samsung Display’s AMOLED panel supply volume for Chinese set companies and increase in LG Display’s flexible OLED panel production for smartwatch.

 

Q2 AMOLED Shipment

Q2 AMOLED Shipment

LG Display Opens 2015 Tech Forum in Collaboration with Other Companies

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출처 : LG디스플레이

Source : LG Display

 

LG Display set out to discover new technology through open innovation in collaboration with other companies.

 

On September 15, LG Display invited top global display material and component companies to Paju factory and opened 2015 LG Display Tech Forum. The invited companies included Merck, Asahi Glass, and Sumitomo.

 

Under the heading of ‘OLED, New Opportunity and Challenge’, 13 key collaborating companies in material, process, glass, and circuitry sectors participated. They promised to share market trend, and LG Display’s OLED and LCD technology development direction and cooperate regarding future technology.

 

LG Display increased emphasis on OLED; LG Display revealed detailed business strategy for large and small size OLED, and discussed technology and products that should be developed together in collaboration with companies in each stage.

 

Additionally, LG Display newly established Technology Innovation Award for collaborating companies that contributed to LG Display’s product improvement with innovative technology. The award was presented to Asahi Glass for developing glass light guide panel used in thin panel actualization, and display material companies Merck and Nitto Denko.

 

LG Display’s CEO Han Sang-beom explained that LG Display could pave the way for OLED with world’s first technology due to much effort and enthusiastic corporation from R&D partners. He also entreated each company to continue to change and evolve through their own R&D competitiveness and creativity and lead the future display market.

OLED TV, Pay Attention to China and UHD

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IFA 2015 that opened on September 4, closed its curtains on 9. This year’s IFA was similar to IFA 2014 in terms of diverse OLED TV exhibition, but when analyzed in detail there were several differences.

 

First, the emphasis on UHD TV greatly increased. The percentage of UHD resolution of exhibited OLED TV was approximately 71% in IFA 2013, and 70% in IFA 2014. However, in IFA 2015, the percentage increased to approximately 92%. If the main theme for IFA 2014 was curved OLED TV products, UHD was the keyword for IFA 2015.

 

Another important factor is increasing participation by Chinese companies. In IFA 2013, only Haier exhibited OLED TV but this increased to 2 companies, Changhong and TCL, in IFA 2014. In IFA 2015, 3 companies, Haier, Changhong, and Skyworth, presented OLED TV. It is estimated that the OLED TV exhibition attendance by Chinese electronics companies will continue to consistently increase.

 

There is much attention on how many more Chinese companies will participate with OLED TV in IFA next year, and whether a new keyword following UHD will appear. Although IFA 2015 ended, OLED TV market continues to move.

 

uhd china graph 1

 

uhd china graph 2

 

uhd china graph 3 2

UBI Research Organizes ‘2015 Display Printed Electronics Seminar’

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The Opportunity to Understand Printed Electronics Technology

For That Competitive Edge in Global Display Industry

 

 

 

At present there is an intense competition within display industry between countries such as China with aggressive investment, and Japan that is looking for a comeback. For Korea to possess that competitive edge in display industry, a seminar is being prepared. This seminar will provide the opportunity to learn about printed electronics technology that is becoming a key technology and understand latest technology trend.

 

UBI Research (http://www.ubiresearch.co.kr, President: Dr. Choong Hoon Yi), an OLED specializing company, announced that the 2015 Display Printed Electronics Seminar will be held on October 7. This seminar will take place at The K Seoul Hotel in Seocho-gu in Seoul with a group of key experts who will discuss latest technology development trend in display based on printed electronics.

 

Printing process or solution process is a new production technology that is the center of much expectation around the world. Dr. Kyung-Tae Kang, the head of printed electronics center of Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, will examine the current printed electronics industry and propose its future. Dr. Kang is also a secretary for IEC TC119 which was established to respond to the printed electronics industrialization.

 

At this seminar, Professor Yongtaek Hong of Seoul National University will explain technological issues that need to be considered when producing ultra-thin transistor device using printed electronics technology. The printed electronics technology is receiving much attention as it can be applied to flexible elastic substrate, and low temperature process through large area is possible.

 

Dongguk University’s Professor Yong-Young Noh will give a presentation on printed electronics technology’s development trend and research content for flexible display development.

 

Also, Dankook University’s Professor Byung Doo Chin will discuss OLED RGB printing technology trend review for efficiency and stability improvement of small molecule and polymer OLED device by solution process, and high resolution OLED technology that can be actualized through inkjet printing. This OLED RGB printing technology based on printing process is a subject of active research as a replacement for the current vacuum thermal evaporation; pixel formation is difficult for large area through this evaporation technique.

 

Furthermore, essential topics on printed electronics are covered by industry’s top experts.

  • Technology Trend for Solution Process OLED Material (Dr. Jae-Min Lee, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
  • Technology Trend for Electrode Material and Process for Printing (Dr. chan-Jae Lee, Korea Electronics Technology Institute)
  • Blanket Application for Printed Electronics and Development Status (Dr. Noh-min Kwak, RPE Corporation)
  • Printed Electronics R2R Equipment Technology Status

 

UBI Research will bring together top quality industry experts as speakers toward Korea’s leadership in display industry and host a place of networking where industry-academic professionals can meet. UBI Research seminars, previously held twice a year, will become a monthly event.

 

Seminar attendance application can be made through the UBI Research homepage (www.ubiresearch.co.kr).

Minus Growth for H1 OLED Material Market with Mere US$ 564 Million*

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According to UBI Research, the 2015 H1 OLED material market recorded approximately US$ 564 million; this is a 14% increase compared to 2014 H2, but a 24% decrease against 2014 H1.

 

Despite reports that Samsung Electronics and LG Electronics are selling much larger volumes of flexible OLED applied Galaxy S6 Edge and OLED TV respectively compared to last year, the OLED material market is gradually stagnating.

 

The main reason for this OLED material market’s downward turn is Samsung Display’s operation level which remained stationary at 50% in H1. This led to stationary material usage compared to the year before. LG Display is producing flexible OLED and large size OLED panel for TV. However, approximately only 100,000 units of OLED panels were sold in H1 and material usage was also lowl. The current capa. is 34K but as the OLED material cost spent in H1 is approximately US$ 36 million, the operation rate is analyzed to be only 30% of the total capa.

 

The OLED material market is decreasing because the supply price is rapidly falling without increase in production volume. OLED material companies are frustrated at the 10-15% price decrease per quarter. At present, as the only clients are Samsung Display and LG Display, material companies are compelled to reduce the price as the failure to do so could lead toward the termination of business. OLED material companies spend several thousands of millions of dollars annually on development to meet constant improvement demanded by clients. There is much difficulty for OLED material companies as display companies continue with one-sided demands without compensation regarding development cost.

 

For OLED industry to maintain its continued growth, it requires more than success of panel companies. Material companies that play a pivotal part within the industry have to continue development and production of quality materials in order to create a healthy growth cycle. However, display companies are destroying the ecosystem.

 

What OLED material companies currently crave is for Chinese display companies to mass produce OLED panels as soon as possible.

 

* 1 USD = 1,100 KRW

 

OLED Material Market Revenue 2014 H1 – 2015 H1

OLED Material Market Revenue 2014 H1 – 2015 H1

[IFA 2015] The Return of the OLED King

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Samsung Electronics, the current global leader of smartphone market share, challenged Apple to dominate smartwatch market with Galaxy Gear 2 armed with latest functions.

 

The exterior of Gear 2 changed to round type. Previous Gear copied rectangular fashion watch, but Gear 2 returned to the classic design.

 

Galaxy Gear2, IFA 2015

Galaxy Gear 2, IFA 2015

 

Gear 2 has the most basic circular shape, but the rotating bezel within the simple design boasts the perfect blend of digital and analog. The rotating bezel design used in stop watch in quality sports watch was applied to add a touch of analog. At the same time, the smartwatch has the digital side from the jog dial used in quality vehicles, merging the analog with digital.

 

Smartwatches until now had to be touched to change screen. However, Gear 2’s rotating bezel allows the screens to be changed easily through dial rotation.

 

Galaxy Gear 2, IFA 2015

Galaxy Gear 2, IFA 2015

 

Gear 2 applied flexible OLED produced by Samsung Display same as Gear with its 1.2inch size and 360×360 resolution. Compared to competitors’ 1.3inch, it might feel smaller but has the highest resolution; Samsung Electronics used a smaller display with better expressiveness. Particularly, absolute black, one of the advantages of OLED, is actualized with this product. The quality of black in previous Gear fell short and the screen wallpaper showed hints of blue. The new display shows that it is of OLED leader, Samsung family, with its brilliant colors using latest OLED materials.

 

Gear 2 also uses Tizen OS and firmly differentiated itself from other products. In fact, other products employed Google OS and had a problem of basically being the same under the different exterior leading to no particular differentiation factors for the consumers.

 

However, deserving the title of the leader of the smart device, Samsung Electronics utilized independently developed Tizen and boasted totally different interior.

 

Galaxy Gear 2, IFA 2015

Galaxy Gear 2, IFA 2015

 

Samsung Electronics is investing much effort in Gear 2 promotion; with the exclusive booth, visitors can examine diverse forms of Gear 2.

 

Galaxy Gear2 Booth, IFA 2015

Galaxy Gear2 Booth, IFA 2015

[IFA 2015] OLED TV’s Advantages from Skyworth’s Point of View

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In IFA 2015 (September 4-9), Skyworth exhibited 65inch 4K OLED TV in 3 curved and flat sets each in order to emphasize OLED TV’s advantages. Skyworth presented an interesting booth by providing a large screen in the middle of the booth for the visitors to experience OLED TV playing the F1 racing game.

 

OLED TV is the best TV to show video with fast movements as it has fast response time of u/sec. As the video is not delayed, the viewers can enjoy the contents without afterimage. This fast response time cannot be actualized in LCD TV.

Skyworth booth, IFA 2015

[IFA 2015] Thin Panel Thickness, No Longer Limited to OLED

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The thinness of OLED panels, achieved as OLED does not require backlight, is known as one of the big advantages of OLED. However, at IFA 2015, Sony proved that LCD can also be as thin as OLED.

 

The product, Perfect Wall-mounted 4K UHD TV, is an LCD TV but the thickness is mere 4.9mm. Compared to LG Electronics’ latest OLED TV’s 4.8mm, the thickness difference practically nonexistent.

 

Sony Perfect Wall-mounted 4K UHD TV, IFA 2015

Sony Perfect Wall-mounted 4K UHD TV, IFA 2015

 

In order to develop ultra-thin LCD TV, Sony placed backlight on the base and used glass type light guide.

 

Sony Perfect Wall-mounted 4K UHD TV, IFA 2015

Sony Perfect Wall-mounted 4K UHD TV, IFA 2015

[IFA 2015] Panasonic OLED TV

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Panasonic that used to lead Japanese electronics industry with Sony is focusing more on OLED TV industry. Until IFA 2014, Panasonic exhibited self-made OLED TV using oxide TFT and solution process OLED technology. However, since CES 2015 Panasonic presented LG Display’s WRGB OLED panel applied OLED TV. It is unusual to introduce OLED TV through IFA 2015 when Panasonic is only selling TV domestically and stopped TV business abroad. According to Panasonic the company is planning to mass produce within 2015.

 

OLED TV revealed in IFA 2015 is a CZ950 model with 4K resolution. It is interesting to note that special material is used to cover the back of the set to give a furniture look.

 

Panasonic OLED TV, IFA 2015

Panasonic OLED TV, IFA 2015

 

Panasonic OLED TV, IFA 2015

Panasonic OLED TV, IFA 2015

 

Panasonic is also presenting OLED TV and LCD TV in darkroom to demonstrate OLED TV’s superiority in contrast ratio.

Attention Focused on Silver Nanowire as Key Material for Display

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At IPEC 2015 (International Printed Electronic Conference), held on September 1, Professor Sang-Ho Kim of Kongju National University announced that silver nanowire technology is in initial stages of commercialization and will become display market’s key material.

 

Kim reported that when the bending radius of flexible display is reduced, 2 key issues occur with silver nanowire used as TSP (touch screen panel) material. First, the wiring that are crossed when bending is loosened as can be seen in figure 1. Due to this effect the bending stability decreases.

Fig. 1, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

Fig. 1, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

 

 

Kim explained that this effect can be solved by welding the two wires as shown in figure 2 using thermal annealing technology, laser process, and IPL photo-sintering technology.

 

Fig 2, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

Fig 2, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

 

 

Another issue is a decrease in contact stability between nanowires at stress points when bending radius is reduced as shown in figure 3.

 

Fig 3, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

Fig 3, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

 

 

During the presentation, Kim explained that this can be solved through undercoating process. This process involves mixing 2 polymers with different Tg (glass-transition temperature) and layering it as in figure 4, and placing TSP on top.

 

Fig 4, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

Fig 4, Source: Professor Sang-Ho Kim, IPEC 2015

 

 

Silver nanowire has benefit of being more flexible and less resistant compared to transparent electrode material, ITO. As such, it was spotlighted as TSP material most suitable for flexible OLED. Nonetheless, silver nanowire has been considered to fall behind ITO in panel mass production unit cost in display market.

 

However, haze effect which happens when sunlight is reflected off the silver nanowire TSP has been solved recently, and new touch technology that requires improved TSP functions, such as post-touch technology, has been developed. Accordingly, products that use silver nanowire are increasing despite the unit cost difference.

 

Kim reported that as TSP sheet resistance can be reduced through undercoating and welding technology and greatly increase bending stability, it is estimated that silver nanowire’s marketability will grow for flexible display.

 

Korea’s Large Area AMOLED Manufacturing Equipment Market To Record Approx. US$ 8,640 Million For Next 5 Years

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According to UBI Research’s OLED Manufacturing Equipment Annual Report (published on August 31), the complementary investment market in Korea is expected to record approx. US$ 8,640 million between 2016 and 2020.

 

According to the report, once Chinese new LCD lines actively begins to operate, panels produced by Korea’s Gen8 a-Si LCD lines are estimated to fall behind in price competitiveness. Therefore, complementary investment should be processed to transform the a-Si LCD line to OLED line. The report estimated that if complementary investment for OLED is carried out, oxide TFT with less masks is the most suitable backplane structure. This has the advantage of utilizing the most of the existing a-Si LCD line. The report also forecast that future large area AMOLED mass production investment will mainly be complementary investment rather than new investment. Complementary investment signifies investing in evaporation and encapsulation manufacturing equipment while using the existing a-Si line backplane. New investment means investing from the backplane stage. The report analyzed that complementary investment will lead to the decrease of large area OLED panel’s production cost.

 

Investment cost comparison shows that approx. US$ 600 million is required for new investment in Gen8 Oxide TFT key equipment (20K). However, complementary investment requires approx. US$ 80 million and can save the investment cost by approx. 7 times compared to the new investment.

 

그래프1(영)_v0

 

그래프2(영)

Mitsubishi Chemical and Pioneer Develops Bluelight-less OLED Lighting

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Japan’s Mitsubishi Chemical and Pioneer announced their success in developing the first bluelight-less OLED lighting module. The two companies produced this module through a wet coating process for the light-emitting layer and began shipping samples on August 1.

The new OLED lighting module does not use blue emitting materials in the OLED panel and the light from the panel contains a minimal portion of blue light. According to the companies, this is less than 1% of the amount in the 3000K-type OLED lighting module developed by Mitsubishi Chemical and Pioneer.

The panel is a candle-color type with a 1900K color temperature; this is suitable for storage lighting of light-sensitive items such as cultural heritage and paintings, as well as lighting for bedrooms and medical practices.

Blue light, which has a wavelength of between 380 and 495 nanometers, has the highest energy among visible light. This is enough to reach the retina at almost full strength. This can cause eye fatigue as well as reduction in quality sleep.

With the increase of smartphone and PC use, the amount of time exposed to blue light is also increasing. Therefore, as the interest in eye health rises, this bluelight-less OLED lighting module development is worthy of attention.

 

Source: MPOL

Source: MPOL

 

Source: MPOL

Source: MPOL

[IMID 2015] UDC Develops OLED Patterning Technology with Less Masks

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At present, FMM (Fine Metal Mask) is considered the main method for large area RGB OLED panel production. However, due to shadow effect, mask total pitch fluctuations, and mask slit tolerance issues, there is a yield limitation to this technology. This limitation increases as the resolution becomes higher; minimizing the number of FMM during the OLED panel production has been a key issue in RGB OLED production.

 

In SID 2014, through a paper titled “Novel Two Mask AMOLED Display Architecture”, UDC revealed a technology that can reduce the number of masks used in RGB-FMM method to 2 from previous 3.

 

Source : UDC, SID 2014

As shown above, this technology coats yellow and blue subpixels using 1 mask each. Following this process, green and red color filters are applied above the subpixels. Pixels are formed as illustrated below.

 

Source : UDC, SID 2014

UDC explained that this technology improves lifetime of the display overall and reduces energy consumption as blue voltage can be lowered. Additionally, tact time can be reduced through this technology, and increase the yield.

 

In IMID 2015, UDC presented research of the same title. However, the content of the presentation unveiled more developed research compared to 2014. First of all, in 2014, UDC announced that the panel’s lifetime could be improved by 2 times compared to the RGB method. In IMID 2015, UDC’s announcement changed the figure to 3.3 times increased lifetime.

 

UDC also revealed that the technology can be actualized through printing method, and has the advantage of being able to print 2 rows of pixels at once. UDC announced that this is most suitable when OVJP (Organic Vapor Jet Printing) applies the printing method.

 

A new technology called SPR (Sub-Pixel Rendering) was also announced by UDC in this paper. The 2014 SID paper included a method that did not uses SPR. As shown below in figure 1, 4 subpixels of RGY and B are used per pixel.

 

[Fig. 1], Source: UDC, IMID 2015

During IMID 2015, UDC presented APR technology applied pixel structure. Figure 2 shows 3 subpixels per pixel.

 

[Fig. 2], Source: UDC, IMID 2015

In this case, as the pixels can be arranged as shown in figure 3, smaller number of subpixels can be used.

 

[Fig. 3], Source: UDC, IMID 2015

UDC announced that because APR technology allows the number of subpixels per pixel to be reduced to 3 or less, the number of data lines and TFT per pixel can also be reduced together.

 

UDC explained that this technology can be applied regardless of the display area or resolution, and will be able to be applied to different types of panels.

 

LG Electronics’ OLED TV, Increasingly Competitive in Price

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OLED TV price, which was considered the biggest issue compared to LCD TV, has fallen once again. LG Electronics’ 2015 new model 65inch 4K Ultra HD curved OLED TV (65EG9600) is now priced US$ 5,999 on Amazon (www.amazon.com). The price that used to be US$ 8,999 even in June fell to US$ 6,999 in July, and it is now down to US$ 5,999, showing rapid decrease. Furthermore, the price decrease is not limited to 65inch products as 55inch 4K Ultra HD curved OLED TV (55EG9600) also fell by US$ 1,000, from US$ 4,999 to US$ 3,999.

 

There is a difference of US$ 1,500 in price between LG Electronics’ 65inch 4K OLED TV and Samsung Electronics’ premium model 65inch 4K SUHD TV (US$ 4,499). Analysis shows that the monthly average price decrease for OLED TV between June and August is 18% while SUHD TV’s is 5%.

 

During the last earnings results announcement, LG Electronics reported that UHD OLED TV will achieve price competitiveness in 2016. If the price decrease continues at this rate, OLED TV will be able to aim for market expansion against LCD TV through price as well as its many advantages such as design freedom, thickness, and picture quality.

 

LG Electronics reduced the price of 55inch Full HD curved OLED TV (55EC9300), released last year, from US$ 2,499 to US$ 1,999.

150827_LG전자의 OLED TV, 가격 경쟁력 점점 모습을 드러내나

How Can Small and Medium-Sized OLED Panel Companies Survive?

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With the great increase of interest in flexible OLED from China and Taiwan’s small and medium-sized panel companies, diverse issues related to this are emerging.

 

Recent smartphone trend is moving from high resolution and specs toward diverse designs such as curved or bendable/foldable and flexible display that can differentiate applications. AMOLED flexible display is currently being applied to smartphone and smartwatch. However, only 2 companies, Samsung Display and LG Display, are supplying these high spec flexible AMOLED panel.

 

Small and medium-sized panel companies do not have the technology to mass produce high performance flexible AMOLED panel and cannot invest in mass production. For these reasons, Chinese and Taiwanese small and medium-sized companies are aiming for finding new applications where flexible PMOLED or low resolution flexible AMOLED can be applied and make mass production investment. Accordingly, set companies’ interest in flexible OLED applied application is also increasing.

 

Additionally, companies are in agreement that yield of flexible PMOLED that is applied to some smartbands does not meet demand. Taiwan’s wisechip and RiTdisplay, key PMOLED companies, are concentrating on developing flexible PMOLED and flexible OLED lighting. Taiwan’s AUO and Innolux, and China’s Visionox and EDO are also among those that are developing wearable flexible AMOLED.

 

Diverse application development where lower resolution flexible AMOLED, flexible PMOLED, or flexible OLED lighting, instead of expensive high-end smartphone and smartwatch, can be applied is essential. The outcome of this is forecast to greatly affect the growth of small and medium-sized OLED panel companies.

[Analyst Column] Korean Display Industry Is On Descent

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Dr Choong Hoon Yi, UBI Research Chief Analyst, ubiyi@ubiresearch.co.kr

 

The analysis of 2015 2Q results of Samsung Display and LG Display shows clear indication that Korean display industry is on descent.

 

[2015 Q2 Korean Display Total Sales Analysis]

According to the results announcement of the 2 companies, the total of 2015 Q2 sales is approximately US$ 11,000,000,000. Compared to the total sales in 2013 Q2 which was US$ 13,000,000,000, Korean display industry trend is exhibiting clear downward tendency.

0812 graph1

 

2015 Q2 Korean display sales records -4% QoQ, and 8% YoY.

0812 graph2

 

 

The main reason for the decrease in sales is Samsung Display’s deterioration of earnings results. While LG Display’s sales of the past 3 years remain fairly consistent but Samsung Display’s sales is gradually decreasing.

0812 graph3

 

 

 

[2015 Q2 Korean Display Total Business Profit Analysis]

Connecting the high points of the total of 2 companies’ business profit reveal that the business value is worsening as the trend moves downward. This also is much contributed to Samsung Display’s business profit decrease.

0812 graph4

 

 

[Samsung Display and LG Display Sales Analysis]

According to the earnings announcement of both companies, Samsung Display and LG Display recorded sales of approximately US$ 5,500,000,000 and US$ 5,600,000,000 respectively. LG Display is maintaining higher sales results compared to Samsung Display for the past 5 quarters. Each company’s QoQ showed to be -4% (LGD) and -3% (SDC) and YoY to be 12% (LGD) and 5% (SDC). The simultaneous decrease of QoQ sales of both companies demonstrates that the Q3 sales could also fall.

 

0812 graph5

 

0812 graph6

 

 

 

[Samsung Display and LG Display’s Competitiveness Analysis]

Looking at the profit/sales graph of Samsung Display and LG Display, it is apparent that Samsung Display showed superior competitiveness until 2013 Q3, but since then LG Display averaged higher.

그래프7

 

 

 

[Conclusion]

The reason for the downward trend of Korean display industry is analyzed to be the fall of display panel price due to the Chinse display companies’ mass production through aggressive investment. Particularly, in or after 2017 when China’s BOE is estimated to begin Gen10.5 LCD line, LCD panel price will fall even more rapidly. This is forecast to lead Korean LCD industry to suddenly lose competitiveness. For Korean display companies that have immense LCD sales to show positive growth, it is time to expand OLED business that can be differentiated from Chinse display companies.

 

The only solutions for Korean display industry are OLED investment in large scale and conversion of LCD line to OLED line. At the time of BOE’s Gen10.5 line operation, Korean display companies also should respond with Gen6 flexible OLED investment and early establishment of Gen8 OLED line.

 

HUD and HMD Meet Virtual Reality and Soar

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At SID 2015 Review Workshop held in Konkuk University on July 31, Inha University’s Associate Professor Jae-Hyeung Park announced that interest in HUD (head-up display) and HMD (head-mounted display) increased at SID 2015.

 

HUD signifies technology that provides diverse information for the driver beyond the role of a front glass that simply allows the outside to be viewed and provides protection. Through HUD, drivers can grasp vehicular and destination information without having to take eyes off the road. At this juncture, AR (augmented reality) HUD is more than a simple display as it recognize the user’s movements and applies it to the display.

 

In SID 2015 paper, Japan’s Ricoh termed the device that self-intervenes in the vehicular operation as ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance System) and announced that the information from the device applied to HUD will be able to help the user’s recognition and decision making. It was also added that improved AR can be realized when the contrast range is increased to be equal to reality and reiterated and the distance from the virtual image is 5m.

 

HMD, as a head-mounted device, provides differentiated feelings of immersion compared to other displays. Due to the increased realism from the wide viewing angle, HMD was widely used as an entertainment display, but with the recent increased interest in AR, it is receiving much spotlight as an AR display device.

 

At SID 2015, the West Saxon University of Applied Sciences of Zwickau revealed an HMD device that actualizes AR naturally by changing the distance where image is shown according to the use by adjusting the focal distance. Zhejiang University’s college of Optical Science and Engineering used method of showing hologram to each user’s eyes using the light field concept that realizes the light strength to all directions from all points in 3D and produced improved AR.

 

Park explained that with SID 2015 as a starting point, the AR related HMD and HUD interest and research will increases greatly and that the trend will continue in future.

 

Samsung Electronics released HMD device Samsung Gear VR that can be used by plugging in to Galaxy S6 or Galaxy S6 Edge. Oculus VR and Sony Computer Entertainment each revealed OLED applied VR headset Oculus Rift and Project Morpheus, and scheduled release regular product in Q1 and H1 of 2016 respectively. Korea’s HLB released AproVIEW S2 which used virtual image distance actualization method, a first for HUD.

 

Inha University’s Associate Professor Jae-Hyeung Park at SID 2015 Review Workshop

Encapsulation Technology That Can Greatly Increase OLED Lifetime Unveiled

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On July 29, at Chungcheong Display Forum held in Hoseo University in South Korea, an encapsulation technology that can greatly increase OLED lifetime was revealed.

 

Encapsulation technology prevents permeation of oxygen and moisture from affecting OLED panel’s performance and increases lifetime. As it is also the last process that decides OLED panel yield, OLED panel manufacturing companies are focused on finding the most optimal encapsulation technology.

 

The flexible OLED panel that is currently being mass produced uses hybrid structure of encapsulation where gas barrier cover plate is applied to the organic and inorganic stacks of passivation.

 

During this process, because cover plate with gas barrier characteristics is the key factor in deciding encapsulation performance the materials and technology are very important. The level of encapsulation that OLED panel requires is approximately 10-6g/m2day. The unit signifies the amount of permeation for 1m2 area a day. This amount is same as 1 drop of water in an area size of 6 World Cup stadiums.

 

Generally sputtering technology is used to form gas barrier layer. Sputtering technology is an evaporation technique where ions of the target material is coated to the substrate as noble gas, ionized via high voltage, collides against coating material.

 

This type of sputtering technology creates particles and defects during process. As such, in order to be applied to OLED, multilayer is required leading to a decrease in productivity and increase in production cost.

 

However, at the Chungcheong Display Forum, Professor MunPyo Hong of Korea University, revealed that defect that occurs during the existing sputtering process can be reduced by stabilizing target layer through installing reflector which induces neutral beam to be released.

 

According to Hong, this technology is sufficient to achieve the OLED level encapsulation standard of 10-6g/m2day even using a single layer. He revealed that this technology will be able to reduce the production cost and increase the productivity.

 

(a) Device Immediately After Production (b) Device with Insufficient Encapsulation with Insufficient Encapsulation (dark spot and pixel shrinkage occurs after certain amount of time) Source: UBI Research

[Analyst Column] LG Display Q2 Earnings Analysis and Signification of Flexible OLED Investment

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Dr Choong Hoon Yi, UBI Research Chief Analyst, ubiyi@ubiresearch.co.kr

 

On July 23, LG Display announced its earnings results at LG Twin Towers in Yeouido, South Korea. LG Display reported that their Q2 sales recorded approximately US$ 5,700,000,000 with business profit of approximately US$ 420,000,000.

 

Although sales fell by approximately US$ 260,000,000 (-5%) compared to the previous quarter, it was an increase of US$ 620,000,000 (12%) compared to the year before. Business profit showed approximately US$ 210,000,000 decrease (-34%) QoQ, and YoY US$ 280,000,000 increase (206%).

 

0805 graph1

 

LG Display’s sales and business profit of Y/Yo (green line) showed U shape of trend of growth in previous 5 quarters but this quarter recorded a fall. It is analyzed that the growth could slow down from 2H 2015.

 

The drop of the LG display’s Y/Yo growth in this 2Q is much attributed to smartphone market’s slow down and TV market reduction. It is also estimated the panel price reduction due to Chinese display companies’ aggressive investment is reflected.

 

0805 graph2

 

 

For LG Display to stop the degrowth, mass production of products that are differentiated from competition, is urgently needed, away from LCD panel that is LGD’s current major business.

 

On the day, LG Display’s management announced approx. US$ 900,000,000 investment for Gen6 flexible OLED line in order to lead flexible OLED market. The investment location is Gumi factory. Investment location is Gumi factory with the initial investment of 7.5K. It is expected world’s second flexible OLED exclusive line will established following Samsung Display. It is anticipated that up to 15K will be established for this line.

 

Considering last year’s LG Display’s business profit was approx. US$ 1,100,000,000, the US$ 900,000,000 flexible OLED investment is very large. The investment decision must have been very difficult. However, the reasons for LG Display’s drastic flexible OLED exclusive line investment are because companies that produce LTPS-TFT LCD (LGD’s existing main market) is increasing, and because Samsung Display is already monopolizing rigid OLED market and therefore difficult to secure market share.

 

LG Display’s CFO Kim Sang-don explained that flexible OLED Gen6 line investment was decided at the board of directors meeting on July 22, and was made official on the morning of July 23. Kim added that the decision was reached so that LG Display can lead the OLED business in terms of technology and to occupy initial market in foldable and rollable technologies. He also commented the monthly capa. of the flexible OLED line will be 7.5K.

 

Regarding large area OLED panel, it was emphasized that this year’s panel production target remains to be 600,000 units and 1,500,000 units next year, same as the ones announced during the Q1 earnings results presentation. It was also revealed that 34K, approximately 9K higher than current capa., will be in operation in 2016. Addressing the concern of oversupply of next year’s 1,500,000 units while the OLD TV market is still small, LG Display suggested the solution of increasing the demand by active promotion from the second half of this year.

 

 

 

Despite the fall of mid to large size panels’ sales price, from the enlargement of sets and AIT technology applied sales performance, the business profit of approximately US$ 4,000 million was recorded. This is a 34% decrease compared to the previous quarter but a 199% increase from the same period in 2014. LG Display estimates that the sales will increase in the third quarter due to seasonal factors and panel’s enlargement trend.

Korean Government, Will It Give Up Its Top Spot in Display Industry?

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Recent Samsung Electronics and LG Electronics’ TV and smartphone performance results are causing experts to be concerned over degrowth.

 

The axis that is centering Korean industry is dependent on these 2 companies and Hyundai Motor Company. In the 20th century when technology skills were lacking, Korean government and these 3 companies closely cooperated and coordinated product development and market cultivation. The low value of KRW invigorated the 3 companies’ export business. Strong government support allowed development of products that could compete against Japanese products occupying the international market. The potential that allowed the companies to overtake Japanese firms that were dominating electronics industry and increase the international market share was based on Korean government’s diverse interest and enthusiastic backing.

 

Japan’s display industry collapsed due to several reasons. Their pride that that latecomers including Korea will not be able to catch up to their technology, the discontinuation of investment by overlooking the need of the 21st century of information for display market, and the disregard of latecomers’ price competitiveness can be attributed to the collapse.

 

Korean display companies gave up on Gen10 investment in LCD business and began localization in China though establishing Gen8 LCD factory in China. However, Chinse display companies, with the backing of their government in large scale, continue to invest despite the deficit.

 

If BOE’s Gen10.5 LCD factory is complete, China will lead the global industry in terms of yield, and overtake Korea through China’s domestic market and price competitiveness. Now there are only 2 years left. It is only a question of time before Korea’s LCD industry falls apart.

 

The only thing that is left for Korean display industry is OLED. As Korean display industry plays an important role in Korean economy, the decline of display industry will have direct impact on employment, export, and domestic market.

 

However, Korean government is currently ignoring display industry. LCD and OLED have been excluded from WTO’s tariff elimination. China, which is rapidly becoming a new contender in display industry, has agreed with the U.S. to exclude LCD and OLED advocating protection of Chinese market and industry, and other countries followed. China is adding 5% tax for 32inch products or larger; Samsung Display and LG Display are operating LCD factories in China in order to be exempt. The labor force is moving away from Korea to China. Korea’s Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy is overlooking the importance of Korea’s display industry.

 

To make matters worse, Korean government has no tax regarding manufacturing equipment. When display companies import expensive manufacturing equipment, no tax is added. Recently, due to a low exchange rate of the yen, Japanese companies’ price competitiveness is 1.5 times higher than several years ago. At a time when Korean manufacturing equipment companies are losing heavily in the competition against Japanese, Korean market is actually giving up the market to Japanese companies.

 

For example, if Samsung Display and LG Display have saved 10,000,000 USD on the purchase of manufacturing equipment, the result is Korean companies’ loss of 100,000,000 USD. Although 10,000,000 USD is a large amount of money to Samsung Display and LG Display, the consequential loss of 100,000,000 USD for Korean manufacturing equipment market is even more immense.

 

The Korean display ecosystem that has been carefully established is being destroyed by its own government.

 

Although Korean government is paying lip service to build strong small and medium-sized businesses, in actuality, it is giving small amount of money to large companies and continuing to ignore smaller Korean manufacturing equipment companies. For the future of the smaller Korean manufacturing equipment companies struggling against the weak yen, a system of where they can at the very least survive in domestic market is needed.

 

Job creation for the young engineers requires more consideration for small and medium-sized businesses rather than large companies that can thrive without any help.

 

A Place Where the Latest OLED Technology Trend Can Be Seen In One Glance UBI Research Hosts 2015 OLED Key Technology Seminar

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A seminar where latest technology of next generation display, OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), can be easily understood will take place. UBI Research, a research company specializing in OLED (http://www.ubiresearch.co.kr, president: Dr. Choong Hoon Yii), revealed that it will hold 2015 OLED Key Technology Seminar in COEX (Samseong-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea) on 27 Aug.

This seminar will discuss latest issues in OLED industry such as processes in flexible OLED, encapsulation, oxide-TFT, blue phosphorous emitting material, and solution process, and focus on technology development and its future.

Encapsulation, which decides OLED panel’s final yield and lifetime, is an important process that determines exterior design in flexible OLED and large size OLED panel. It is also sensitive to light characteristics in surface light structure. At the 2015 OLED Key Technology Seminar, Dr. Choong Hoon Yi (president of UBI Research) is scheduled to introduce, through process and material analysis, essential technology needed for OLED panel to continue its growth and encapsulation technology trends.

At this seminar, Dr. Nam Sung Cho of ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) will give a presentation on display technology that utilizes white OLED technology that is receiving much interest by Korean display market. He will detail white OLED technology’s present and future from lighting to large size TV.

Professor Sung Kyu Park of Chung-Ang University, will introduce oxide material that is in spotlight as display and next generation wearable device. He will also talk about internationally much discussed related technology trends and future progress.

Further presentation topics by OLED top experts include:

– AMOLED panel technology trends analysis (Hyun Jun Jang, senior researcher of UBI Research)

– Oxide-TFT technology status (Professor Ga-Won Lee, Chungnam National University)

– Solution process and vacuum evaporation OLED material’s status and forecast (Professor Sung-Ho Jin, Pusan National University)

– High efficiency blue phosphorous emitting material development trend (Professor Jun Yeob Lee, Sungkyunkwan University)

– Flexible OLED technology trend

UBI Research holds OLED Key Technology Seminars every year from 2011 and provides place for networking and sharing of information. Seminar registration can be completed through UBI Research website (www.ubiresearch.co.kr).

프로그램2

LGD Expands Market Through Active Support of OLED

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On July 23, LG Display announced its earnings results at LG Twin Towers in Yeouido, South Korea. During this event, LG Display revealed its decision to invest approximately US$ 900 million in Gen6 flexible OLED line in order to lead the flexible OLED market.

 

LG Display’s CFO, Kim Sang-don, explained that flexible OLED Gen6 line investment was decided at the board of directors meeting on July 22, and was made official on the morning of July 23. Kim added that the decision was reached so that LG Display can lead the OLED business in terms of technology and to occupy initial market in foldable and rollable technologies. He also commented the monthly capa. of the flexible OLED line will be 7.5K.

 

Regarding large area OLED panel, it was emphasized that this year’s panel production target remains to be 600,000 units and 1,500,000 units next year, same as the ones announced during the Q1 earnings results presentation. It was also revealed that 34K, approximately 9K higher than current capa., will be in operation in 2016. Addressing the concern of oversupply of next year’s 1,500,000 units while the OLD TV market is still small, LG Display suggested the solution of increasing the demand by active promotion from the second half of this year.

 

Despite the fall of mid to large size panels’ sales price, from the enlargement of sets and AIT technology applied sales performance, the business profit of approximately US$ 4,000 million was recorded. This is a 34% decrease compared to the previous quarter but a 199% increase from the same period in 2014. LG Display estimates that the sales will increase in the third quarter due to seasonal factors and panel’s enlargement trend.

 

OLED 8K TV, When Would It Be Possible?

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The current TV market trends are curved design, large area, and high resolution. LCD and OLED, competing to lead the next generation display market, have both released curved large size premium TV of 55 inch screen or larger. In terms of resolution, UHD grade products are being released following FHD, and displays with higher resolution are being required.

 

Looking at Korea and Japan’s contents roadmap, UHD resolution OLED TV development is essential as Japan is aiming to test 8K contents broadcasting in 2016, and Korea in 2018. Korea began test broadcasting UHD from 2013, and is aiming for regular application in 2016 for satellite/cable channels and 2018 for broadcast channels. Considering active release of UHD TV occurred in 2014, 8K TV’s market release is estimated to be in 2019-2020. It is analyzed that approximately 3 years are left to prepare for 8K TV mass production.

 

At present 8K LCD TV have been revealed by key panel companies through various exhibitions, and its mass production is set for 2016-2017. However, only up to 4K OLED TV have been unveiled, falling behind LCD in terms of resolution.

 

The keys to 8K OLED TV actualization are pixel size reduction and aperture ratio achievement. LCD uses 1 transistor and capacitor per pixel whereas OLED requires 2 or more transistors and 1 capacitor per pixel. This leads to OLED’s difficulty in acquiring adequate aperture ratio and reducing pixel size compared to LCD. The key solutions are developments of top emission structure of OLED panel for TV, instead of bottom emission that produces light through TFT, and emitting materials that can generate sufficient light efficacy from bottom emission produced aperture ratio.

 

OLED demonstrated its strength as display by achieving what LCD took more than 10 years in 2-3 years. Considering this, although approximately only 3 years are left to mass produce 8K display, it is anticipated that OLED is capable of catching up to LCD’s resolution.

4K OLED TV by LG Display and Samsung Display

Samsung’s Galaxy Tab S2 Release, What is Different This Time?

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On 20 July, Samsung Electronics announced the launch of the Galaxy Tab S2 (8.0inch, 9.7inch), with the thinnest and lightest metal frame of its size on the market.

 

Galaxy Tab S2 has thickness of 5.6mm and weight of 265g and 389g for 8.0inch and 9.7inch tablets respectively. Samsung Elec. applied Super AMOLED Display to these new releases with QXGA resolution.

 

In comparison with the previous Galaxy Tab S, the resolution was reduced from 2560×1600 to 2048×1536. The battery capacity was also lowered to 4,000mAh (8.0inch) and 5,870mAh (9.7inch), decreases of approximately 18% and 26% from existing models. However, with the reduced thickness and weight, mobility was improved, and through the lowered energy consumption the usage efficacy increased.

 

JK Shin, CEO and President of IT & Mobile Division at Samsung Elec. explained that the Galaxy Tab S2 is not only the “thinnest and lightest tablet of its size ever,” but that “it also gives users quick, easy access to a wealth of superior viewing and productivity features”.

 

The Samsung Galaxy Tab S2 will come in a variety of connectivity, storage and size options: 9.7-inch and 8.0-inch versions with Wi-Fi, or Wi-Fi and LTE, available in 32 or 64GB with MicroSD up to 128GB. It will be available in global markets, starting from August, 2015.

 

Source: UBI Research

Source: UBI Research

A3 Line Operation Capacity Pushes Down Galaxy S6 Edge Price

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The price of Galaxy S6 Edge, which initially exceeded approximately US$ 1,200 when released, recorded US$ 739 in second week of July 2015 (source: www.amazon.com). This is more than a 40% decrease in price in about 3 months, and it is analyzed that this is 5% greater price reduction than Galaxy S6, and approximately 13% greater than Galaxy Note 4 Edge.

The period where the decrease is highest is between third and fourth week of April with approximately 23% drop. The biggest reason for this is analyzed to be active operation of A3 line from April. As A3 line began mass producing Galaxy S6 Edge flexible AMOLED panel, the supply shortage issue improved, and yield and productivity increased more than existing flexible AMOLED panel applied to Galaxy Note 4 Edge.

Samsung Display’s current flexible AMOLED panel mass production lines are a section of A2 line and A3 line. It is expected that investment that will convert a part of rigid panel A2 line to flexible will be carried out and the line will be in operation in the second half of 2015. Following this, from the second half of this year, flexible AMOLED panel mass production capacity will further improve and it will become easier to acquire the panels. The industry’s attention is focused on how Samsung Display’s flexible AMOLED line investment will affect the sales of future flexible AMOLED panel applied Galaxy models.

Galaxy S6 Series Price Change Comparison

New Solution for Next Generation OLED Lighting

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Professor Lee Taek Seung of Chungnam National University

Professor Lee Taek Seung of Chungnam National University

 

Professor Taek Seung Lee and Jongho Kim (Chungnam National University’s Department of Advanced Organic Materials and Textile System Engineering), and Professor Jin Sung-Ho and Park Juhyeon (Pusan National University’s Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, and Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials) authored a paper titled ‘Synthesis of conjugated, hyperbranched copolymers for tunable multicolor emissions in light-emitting diodes’. For 2015 June issue, Polymer Chemistry, published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, selected it as its back cover.

 

The paper discusses research of polymer material applied to solution process and explains that through polymer structure in the form of hyperbranched red, green, and blue monomers, diverse colors, including white, can be actualized depending on the amount of each monomer. Existing OLED lighting used R/G/B or YG/B stacking structure to produce white OLED, complicating the process. Although a method of producing white by combining R/G/B together is being developed, energy displacement between R/G/B can cause unwanted colors. However, if the R/G/B monomers can be introduced to polymer structure as hyperbranched forms as the paper suggests, the energy displacement can be minimized when the polymer solidifies which makes it easier for the colors to be realized.

 

Professor Lee revealed that hyperbranched polymer materials were used in the research and that as white can be produced from just one polymer material, simple process can be used for the production.

 

The patent for this technology has been applied (application number 10-2012-0091350) in Korea. It is anticipated that this will become a key technology for reducing the next generation OLED lighting production cost.

 

원리

UHD OLED TV, Rapidly Catching Up to SUHD TV Price

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OLED TV price, once again, dropped down by a large margin. LG Electronics’ new 2015 model 65inch 4K Ultra HD curved OLED TV (65EG9600) on Amazon (www.amazon.com) fell to US$ 6,999 which is a drop of US$ 2,000 from previous US$ 8,999. The price for 55inch 4K Ultra HD curved OLED TV fell US$ 1,000 to US$ 4,499 from its release price of US$ 5,499. The 2015 new model EG9600 series has panel with improved brightness of 450nit from previous 400nit.

 

The price of Samsung Electronics’ SUHD TV, similar premium product to LG Electornics’, is US$ 4,997 for 65inch (UN65JS9500), and US$ 2,497.99 for 55inch; there is a difference of approximately US$ 2,000 between LG Electronics’’ UHD OLED TV of same size.

 

The comparison between 2015 65inch UHD OLED TV and SUHD TV shows that approx. 40% price difference was shown in April 2015. However in July 2015, the difference was approx. 30%, showing that UHD OLED TV price further fell by approx. 10%.

 

These show that the UHD OLED TV price reduction is occurring rapidly. It is analyzed that the biggest factor for LG Electronics’ UHD OLED TV price fall is production cost reduction due to UHD panel yield increase and competition with set companies that actively began OLED TV sales.

UHD TV Price Trend, Source : UBI Research

UHD TV Price Trend, Source : UBI Research

[Expert Talk] Professor Ho Kyoon Chung of Sungkyunkwan University, Talks OLED Lighting’s Future

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Professor Ho Kyoon Chung, a chair professor of Sungkyunkwan University who previously held a position of head of Samsung Display research lab, developed products at the OLED display development forefront while in the industry. He is a world renowned OLED expert who is, at present, concentrating on flexible OLED lighting development at university.

 

Professor Chung is developing flexible OLED lighting together with Korean material companies, lighting company, and Germany’s Fraunhofer Society. Chung is pursuing development of flexible OLED lighting that can produce white light via CCL (color change layer) made with fluorescence and QD materials on top of R2R evaporator produced blue emitting material on stainless steel substrate.

 

Chung considered the automotive flexible OLED lighting application to be the most important factor in flexible OLED lighting’s success. Most of the companies that are currently developing OLED lighting use multi stack structure as they are aiming for high efficiency device to compete against LED.

 

However, Chung pointed out the condition required for OLED lighting to enter the market is production cost rather than efficiency.

 

Chung emphasized that reducing the OLED lighting production cost is a priority and explained that many lighting companies that he has met wanted lower priced panels as OLED lighting is not used in everyday life even with high OLED lighting efficiency. Chung mentioned that in order to achieve this OLED structure needs to be simple more than anything. The OLED structure that Chung is developing is the simplest structure that uses only the blue layer. Therefore if the development is successful the production and investment cost can be massively reduced.

 

What is Professor Chung’s flexible OLED lighting growth solution?

 

The rear lamp and interior lights of automotive that current vehicle makers are pursuing use batteries, and does not require high efficacy products unlike other lightings. For these reasons, Chung explained that automotive lighting is the best market where OLED lighting with simple structure can be applied, and forecast the best product that can place the lighting following the curved design is flexible OLED lighting.

 

On the other hand, Chung revealed that there are some difficulty in technology before flexible OLED lighting can be commercialized and form a market worth billions of USD. Blue emitting material was named as the most necessary part, an analysis that material’s color purity and efficiency are not quite enough for the blue material to produce white light. The second is encapsulation technology and materials. Chung indicated that the important aspect in attaching the gas barrier to the device is high moisture proof adhesive material and passivation technology. He also stated that speedy equipment is required.

 

Professor Chung concluded that flexible OLED lighting is certain to represent Korean IT industry following display industry, affirming his passion to continue in his effort in making sure flexible OLED lighting grows into an axis of OLED industry. He did not forget to add an entreaty for the materials and equipment companies to press on in their development.

 

 

[Analyst Column] Korean TV Industry, Where to Go?

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Dr Choong Hoon Yi, UBI Research Chief Analyst, ubiyi@ubiresearch.co.kr

 

 

Korean TV industry, according to recent reports by media, is showing a red light not being able to escape the deficit structure.

 

Samsung Electronics and LG Electronics possess high market share in costly premium TV market. However, in 30inch grade market, the two companies struggle against economically priced sets. In order to maintain sales, Samsung Elec. and LG Elec. are managing diverse product portfolio but business profit keep falling. Due to this, LCD panel stocks produced by Samsung Display and LG Display are steadily increasing.

 

LCD panel business is sinking into a pit.

 

What is the reason that Korea’s LCD TV and LCD business values can only become worse?

 

This can be forecast from looking at Japan’s TV and LCD business. Until the early 2000s, Japan was one of the leaders in electronics. However, Japan’s TV business is gradually dying out. Japan’s leading companies, Sony and Panasonic’s TV business began to be deteriorate because of Korean mid-low price products. In succession, Sony ended up spinning off the TV business, and Panasonic stopped TV business other than for domestic supply. Korean TV companies began to dominate the market. However, only a few years since then, Korean TV industry is losing commercial value, pushed aside by mid-low price products manufactured by China and others.

 

Second is display investment. As Japanese TV industry began to crumble, Japanese display companies had no choice but to stop the investment. The companies could not see a way to make profit through investment even if TV market grew as client companies’ panel purchasing power fell. Korea is the same. Samsung Elec. and LG Elec.’s TV business profitability deterioration led toward Samsung Display and LG Display’s halting the investment. On the other hand, Chinse display companies began Gen10.5 line investment. TV industry relies on assembly business and business network and therefore initial investment cost is low. In comparison, display industry is high risk as it requires large scale investment from early stages. If the business profit falls without investment cost return, companies face great loss and business closure is also not easy.

 

The third reason that Japanese TV companies are dying out is because they could not produce premium TV. Sony, which lost its competitiveness in LCD TV, tried to strengthen its market leadership through 4K TV. However, the brand value was already down and with the lack of marketing value, Sony easily gave up the market to companies in pursuit such as Samsung Elec. and LG Elec. LCD TV already had no difference in quality whether it was produced by a Korean or Japanese company, and brand value order had switched. LCD TV quality produced by Chinese companies is already reached the top. They are no longer companies who produce cheaper knockoffs. Furthermore, LCD panel production technology of Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and China can now be deemed equal.

 

The final reason that stops Japanese TV business from securing market is that they failed to suggest differentiation point in premium TV. Fundamentally, differentiation is not possible for LCD TV. The biggest differentiation factors in the current TV market are picture quality and design. Any company can produce thin LCD TV and curved LCD TV. Panel size, resolution, and QD-LED using color gamut that LCD can actualize can no longer be differentiated technology. The difference of LCD panel and TV manufacturing technology between Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and China is already within a year. No matter what kind of product is released, market control has one year of expiration period. Considering the promotion period required in the market is approximately 6 months, the period where profit can be made is shortened even further.

 

So what is the solution for the Korean TV industry to survive?

 

As I have mentioned dozens of times for several years, what is left is OLED TV. What LCD cannot do in terms of picture quality and design, with OLED it is possible. Therefore, only the non-LCD products can enjoy the key factors of differentiation in premium TV market.

 

Existing premium TV is IPTV, a market that Japanese TV companies have been pursuing since early 2000s. Internet connection is possible through TV and allows for exchange of information in both directions. The basic concept of IPTV is watching TV while searching the information on TV via internet. But how useful is this concept at present? The usefulness of IPTV is becoming increasingly low as smartphone is used to search information, use the internet, and even watch TV. With no reason to use the internet via TV, TV companies should seriously consider whether TV with high white brightness is really needed. Rather than white TV with high brightness, it is time to place more importance in the functions of the TV itself. TV screen only uses 20-30% of full white brightness. Films, with outdoor shooting, falls under 20%, and for contents shot at night, black is more important.

 

Considering ‘blackness’ and design, anyone can find where the solution lies. If the foolish notion of trying to make OLED as bright as LCD is abandoned, there is hope.

 

LG OLED UHD TV, SID 2015

LG OLED UHD TV, SID 2015

 

Samsung OLED UHD TV, IFA 2013

Samsung OLED UHD TV, IFA 2013

OLED Rises to Become Purple Ocean of Existing Lighting Industry

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OLED is receiving much attention as the next generation lighting as a greener lighting that can replace existing incandescent and fluorescent lights and reduce energy consumption, as well as lighting that can create new market. According to this trend, many organizations are analyzing OLED lighting industry in diverse directions and presenting the analysis.

At the 5th LED Industrial Forum which was held recently together with LED & OLED Expo 2015, Song Hyokyung, a senior researcher of WIPS, gave a presentation on the topic of OLED lighting industry’s patent trend and market status. She explained that as OLED lighting sector is a new market with a great growth potential, the technology development competition is fierce, and presented SWOT analysis results of Korean businesses.

For Korean OLED lighting industry’s strengths, Song gave examples which included world’s highest quality of OLED, AMOLED development and mass production technology, production ability, and diverse convergence technology solution. As for the opportunity factors, Song suggested application expansion through convergence with flexible technology, and increase in demand as the lighting market expands. On the other hand, Song revealed that the deficiency in original key technology on OLED material and components and the lack of mid to long term strategy regarding new technology development could be a weakness for Korean industry. She also gave China’s pursuit, possession of intellectual property rights by leading companies, and appearance of new light sources such as QLED (quantum dot emitting diode) as factors that could pose threat. However, OLED lighting induces warm atmosphere as well as being environmentally friendly and a future convergence industry. With these factors, Song concluded that if these weaknesses and threat factors can be overcome, OLED lighting will be able to show higher CAGR than other lighting markets.

UBI Research analyzed OLED lighting industry via STEEP analysis method in OLED Lighting Annual Report, published in May, 2015. UBI Research analyzed that as income increases, interest in interior design light using specialized lighting, other than necessary lighting, increases. Also, in terms of technology, OLED lighting projects in Korea, the US, and Europe are actively being carried out and estimated that the technology development will gain speed through related technology integration.

Economically, UBI Research analyzed that the market entry barrier is not high as the OLED lighting industry is not monopolistic. In terms of environment, incandescent lighting’s carbon production and fluorescent light’s mercury are becoming big concerns. Based on these factors UBI Research forecast that demand for green lighting, such as OLED lighting, will increase. Policy wise, OLED lighting industry clusters were formed and are supported by Korean and Japanese governments. As OLED lighting related projects are also being vigorously carried out OLED lighting industry is expected to become a high growth industry.

Based on both analyses OLED lighting is anticipated to be an industry with much potential for growth. If speedy technology development occurs and demand for environmentally friendly lighting increases, it is expected that the OLED lighting share of total lighting market will rapidly increase. UBI Research estimated that total OLED lighting market will grow at CAGR of approx. 70% from 2016, and show US$ 10,000 million revenue in 2025.

 

LG Chem.’s Flexible OLED Lighting, Euroluce 2015

LG Chem.’s Flexible OLED Lighting, Euroluce 2015

 

Universal Display Reveals Advances in Flexible Plastic Transparent Phosphorescent OLED Technologies

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On Thursday, 18th June, Universal Display unveiled new and elegant OLED white lighting design prototypes and technologies at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The items showcased the company’s device architecture and material and manufacturing process core competencies. These proof-of-concept panels and products, including the new Loop Lamp prototype, demonstrate how OLEDs offer flexibility, transparency, thinness and manufacturability on plastic for unbreakable displays and luminaires.

According to Universal Display’s press release, the Loop Lamp is comprised of paper-thin, flexible, shatterproof OLED lighting ‘ribbon’ panels designed into a unique concept chandelier. It is cool to touch and offers a high color rendering index (CRI) that can closely mimic natural sunlight. Manufactured using Universal Display’s single layer UniversalBARRIER® encapsulation technology, the plastic based OLED panels resist exposure to moisture and oxygen, are lightweight and can bend in all directions. The Loop Lamp represents one of many concepts in the application of flexible OLED lighting solutions in home décor, architectural design, art and sculpture.

Steven V. Abramson, President and CEO of Universal Display, explained that the Loop Lamp “embodies a number of our core technologies and fully embraces new design freedoms associated with OLEDs to create thin, conformable, non-glaring illumination sources for the display and solid-state lighting markets”. These prototypes showcase Universal Display’s innovative advancement in phosphorescent OLED materials and device architectures, encapsulation, optical outcoupling, flexible and transparent designs and processes as well as to present the extraordinary characteristics of OLEDs. Abramson also revealed their determination to continue driving down costs and increasing OLED performance to enable a future filled with beautifully designed, energy-efficient forms of light.

The Loop Lamp, Source : Universial DIsplay

The Loop Lamp, Source : Universal DIsplay

 

LG Display Targets Plastic OLED

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With the active release of Apple’s smartwatch within Korean market, the interest in LG Display’s plastic OLED business is suddenly increasing.

 

LG Display began OLED development at the similar time as Samsung Display, but misjudgments on OLED potential and marketability led to the late market entrance and folding of the rigid OLED business. With the plastic OLED business, LG Display is matching the progress of the competitor, Samsung Display, and speeding up the development and commercialization.

 

Already, LG Display supplied plastic OLED for LG Elec.’s G Flex that went on sale in November 2013. Although the panel was 6inch, as the resolution was only at HD level, there was criticism that compared to Samsung Elec.’s FHD OLED which was released in the same period, the resolution fell short.

 

This year, LG Display supplemented the resolution and succeeded in FHD plastic OLED production. The panel is applied to G Flex 2, and it is also supplied to LG Elec.’s G Watch and Urbane.

 

For Samsung Elec., they intensively applied flexible OLED to the flagship smartphone model Galaxy S6 and intensified marketing; in comparison to Samsung’s smartphone market control, smartwatch’s is weaker. Accordingly, Samsung Display is mainly producing 55inch flexible OLED.

 

However, in contrast to the competitor, LG Display is using different business strategy for plastic OLED business. Rather than plastic OLED for smartphone, which has weak market control, they are focusing on small plastic OLED for smartwatch that is already receiving positive response.

 

Following the uproar within the smartwatch market, created by Samsung Elec.’s greatest rival Apple, LG Display, Apple’s supplier of plastic panel, is making all effort in panel production. Additionally, as LG Display has already secured a position as Apple’s next smartwatch plastic OLED supplier, although the capa. is lower than Samsung Display’s, the line is actively operational.

 

It is also estimated that LG Display will decide soon on Gen6 plastic OLED line investment to promote closer relationship with Apple. Apple is already seriously considering flexible (plastic) OLED for next iPhone series, and it is analyzed that they requested LG Display for Gen6 line investment for stable product supply.

 

Although LG Display does not have as high volume of clientele as Samsung Display, it is anticipated that they will establish a bridgehead in OLED panel industry through forming mutually beneficial relationship with a giant company called Apple.

LG Display’s Flexible Automotive Display, SID 2015

LG Urbane, WIS 2015

[LED/OLED EXPO 2015] Low Cost OLED Lighting Panel Production, QD Film Provides the Solution?

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One of the reasons that OLED lighting is not becoming commercialized, despite its diverse advantages compared to other lightings, is its high price. The most fundamental way to reduce OLED lighting panel cost is investment in OLED lighting panel mass production line. Price reduction for components and materials is also an important factor.

 

The OLED lighting panel that is currently being mass produced has red/green/blue or yellow/blue stack structure. Also the use of tandem structure of more than 2 stacks to increase efficiency makes the process complex, lowers the yield, and increases the amount of materials used, and is becoming a key factor in increasing the production cost.

 

At LED/OLED Expo 2015, Cheorwon Plasma Research Institute (CPRI) displayed technology that produces white by applying light extracting film that contains red and green quantum dot (QD) material on blue OLED. CPRI forecasts that this technology of QD film applied blue OLED will be the solution for lowering OLED lighting panel production cost.

 

CPRI’s senior researcher Yong Hwan Yoo explained, “When QD light extracting film is applied to blue OLED, the evaporation processes are reduced compared to existing RGB or YB tandem structure OLED lighting. This could lead to production cost reduction as the yield increases and material cost decreases. If the QD purity improves, as well as blue material’s lifetime and efficiency, it is anticipated that the efficacy will match that of RGB or YB tandem OLED lighting panel.”

 

CPRI exhibited LED caps to be used for mascots at the opening/closing ceremonies of PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympics, ultimately aiming for manufacturing them using OLED lighting panel instead of LED.

 

 

[LED/OLED EXPO 2015] O’CLESS Propels OLED Lighting Commercialization

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At LED/OLED EXPO 2015 (23 – 26 June), HaeChan Design revealed that through OLED lighting specializing brand O’CLESS they are expanding into international market as well as within the domestic market in Korea.

 

HaeChan Design was established in July, 2013, and launched OLED lighting brand O’CLESS. O’CLESS is producing using the combination of LG Chem.’s OLED lighting panel, and their own designs and ideas.

 

In this exhibition, O’CLESS presented diverse lighting such as night light, portable light, stand light, mirror light, and rail connection down light. Particularly, smart system that can control down light using smartphone drew much attention from the visitors.

 

Seungchul Oh, the President of HaeChan Design, reported that they “began exporting to Japan and China following the domestic release in Korea”, and they are planning to “expand the market as a global OLED lighting specializing business once the new business establishment in Innovation City Chungbuk is completed”. Regarding the price issue, which is OLED lighting market’s biggest obstacle, Oh viewed future of OLED lighting market in a positive light: “P company’s night light is being sold for 200,000-300,000 KRW (200-300 USD) but even with application of OLED and Retinispora wood, O’CLESS’ product has competitive edge with approx. 100,000 KRW (100 USD). Although panel’s price is essential as design and practicality are more important in the lighting industry, application creation appropriate for the high cost of OLED is more important. OLED panel price has already fell considerably and will continue to do so and therefore can compete against LED or other lightings in terms of price.”

 

In February this year, HaeChan Design installed approximately 1,000 OLED desk lamps with LG Chem.’s OLED lighting panels in Seoul National University’s library. They also set up booths in 2014 LED/OLED Application & Technology Show and 2015 Kyunghyang Housing Fair, focusing on O’CLESS marketing.

O’CLESS Booth, LED/OLED EXPO 2015

Korea, China, and Japan’s OLED TV Alliance to Boost the Market

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Korean companies had been leading the OLED TV industry. Before SID 2015 (31 May – 5 June), LG Display and Samsung Display had been the only companies to reveal 4K OLED panels, and until now, LG Electronics has been the only company to sell 4K OLED TV in large quantity. In terms of OLED TV market, despite OLED’s superior characteristics compared to LCD regarding contrast ratio, high viewing angle, fast response time, and thinness, the market share has been limited mostly due to its relative high price. However, this is expected to change soon.

 

LG Electronics has been pushing for OLED TV alliance and corporation with Chinese and Japanese companies. As a result, Chinese and Japanese companies resolved to jump into OLED TV market from the second half of 2015. Japan’s Panasonic and Sony are expected to release OLED TV for the first time later this year. China’s Skyworth, Changhong, Konka, and Hisense are expected begin sales from this fall.

 

Consequently, the number of set companies producing 4K OLED TVs will increase to 7 by the end of 2015. LG Display, the only company that can mass produce OLED panel with 4K resolution, is planning to increase production by 4 times this summer to supply these new to OLED TV set companies.

 

As mentioned above, until SID 2015, LG Display and Samsung Display had been the only companies which showed 4K OLED panels, and with LG Display being the sole company able to mass produce 4K OLED panels. However, in SID 2015, AUO showed their own 4K OLED panel during an author interview session, and CSOT and BOE presented paper on 4K resolution OLED panel. This signifies they possess technology needed for OLED panel production, and with proper investment they can begin mass production.

 

Soon LG Display will no longer be the lone supplier of OLED panels contributing toward increase in shipment of OLED panels and OLED TVs. This will naturally lead to lower cost for consumers and energize OLED TV market.

 

auo1

Apple’s Next iPhone, Can Flexible OLED Be Applied?

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Smartphone’s hardware performance has improved as much as possible and can no longer be the differential point within the market. Following this, Samsung’s Galaxy Note 4 Edge and S6 Edge, and LG’s G-flex series are differentiating themselves from existing products through flexible (plastic) AMOLED panel applied new designs and functions. Particularly, Galaxy S6 Edge’s higher than anticipated demand means that the ratio between total Galaxy S6 and S6 Edge demand was expected to be approximately between 8:2 and 7:3, but at present it is estimated to be 5:5. To meet this demand, Samsung Display began actively operating A3 line, and carried out investment to convert A2 rigid line to flexible line.

As interest in flexible OLED is rising within the next generation smartphone market, there is much talk that Apple will also apply flexible OLED to the next product. UBI Research’s Flexible OLED Annual Report, published on 18 June, analyzed Apple’s flexible OLED application potential and forecast scenario.

According to the Flexible OLED Annual Report, other than Samsung Display, LG Display is the only company with the technology to mass produce flexible AMOLED. Japan Display and AUO also possess flexible AMOLED production technology and with investment, mass production is analyzed to be possible. Therefore, for the Apple to apply flexible OLED to the iPhone series to be released in 2017, the Gen 6 flexible AMOLED line investment of LG Display, Japan Display, or AUO has to be carried out within 2015. However, as Japan Display and AUO’s mass production technology has not been verified, depending on the currently mass producing LG Display’s Gen 6 line investment timing the flexible OLED applied iPhone release date will be decided.

As the results of analyzing future model’s shipment based on the analysis of iPhone series’ sales progress so far, to meet the demand for Apple’s flexible AMOLED applied model’s shipment in 2020, approximately 170K monthly capa. by Gen 6 (considering operation and yield rate) is needed. Considering the recent trend of 20K capa. per 1 line, 8 or 9 flexible AMOLED line are required, and Apple’s future flexible AMOLED line investment is estimated to be actively carried out.

On the other hand, flexible AMOLED market is forecast to grow at 57% CAGR from 2016, and show approximately US$ 35,000 million revenue in 2020.Flexible AMOLED Panel Market Forecast

[SID 2015] AUO’s New RGBY Pixel Structure, Can It Be an Answer for Low-Powered OLED?

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Display consumes most power out of smartphone battery usage. This means that low-powered display is most important in lengthening the smartphone’s usage time.

 

AMOLED panel is a self-illuminating device driven by each RGB subpixels, and theoretically power consumption should be much lower than LCD’s which requires BLU (back light unit) to be constantly lit. However, as OLED materials’ performance, particularly blue, is not sufficient the power consumption falls short of expectation.

 

In SID 2015, AUO gave a speech on new RGBY pixel structure attempting to solve the power consumption issue. AUO applied PSA (power saving algorithm) and SPR (sub pixel rendering) of RGBY method, not RGBG structure’s pentile method of existing FMM RGB mechanism, and reported that this showed higher definition and lower power consumption compared to the pentile method RGB applied for high resolution. Particularly it was shown that it can be a key technology for low-powered AMOLED panel through HD 4.65inch (317ppi) panel demo; the power consumption of yellow sub pixel (efficiency 80-120 cd/A) was reduced by 16-20% in comparison to existing RGB method.

 

Dr. Meng-Ting Lee of AUO told the audience yellow sub pixel application improves high resolution, high definition, low power consumption, and panel’s lifetime simultaneously and that AUO’s RGBY SPR and PSA technology can become key technology for AMOLED panel for mobile device.

 

AUO’s RGBY Pixel Structure, SID 2015

AUO’s RGBY Pixel Structure, SID 2015

 

Comparison of Power Consumption Between RGB and RGBY

Comparison of Power Consumption Between RGB and RGBY

[SID 2015] High Resolution OLED for Commercial Display Too! SEL Reveals 81inch Multi OLED Display

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Commercial display is a display installed in public areas. With the advantage of being able to deliver various information without being restricted to a place or time, it is becoming a new display market.

 

In order to lead increasingly expanding commercial display market, key panel companies are leaning toward high resolution and large size panel exhibitions. Recently released commercial displays have enlarged the size by attaching small LCD panels in a tile style creating bezel between panels. In LCD sector, commercial display products with minimized bezel are being developed.

 

However, 8K ultra high resolution commercial display has been produced without bezel through OLED. In SID 2015, SEL revealed world’s largest 81inch 8K OLED multi display that was produced by combining 36 13.5inch 8K flexible AMOLED panels.

 

The key technology is transparent sections of right and bottom edges of the panel. The FPC and scan driver sections of each panel are overlapped with corners of transparent edges (see below diagram).

 

SID 2015 커머셜 디스플레이3

 

 

Daiki Nakamura of SEL revealed that commercial displays of various sizes and shapes can be produced using flexible AMOLED panel and as it is suitable for applications on columns, commercial display can be a new market for OLED.

 

SEL had previously exhibited 27inch 8K multi OLED display using 4 13.5 inch 8K flexible OLED panels in Display Innovation 2014.

 

SEL’s 81inch 8K Multi OLED Display, SID 2015

SEL’s 81inch 8K Multi OLED Display, SID 2015

 

[SID 2015] Chinese LCD’s Continuous Evolution. OLED, What To Do?

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LCD technology of Chinese companies is continually evolving. In SID 2015, BOE exhibited world’s largest 110inch 8K and world’s first 82inch 10K LCD panels. CSOT drew much attention with its world’s largest 110inch UHD curved LCD TV. By exhibiting ultra high resolution and large size LCD panel ahead of Korean and Japanese panel companies, CSOT aptly demonstrated that Chinese companies have caught up to Korean and Japanese technology skills.

BOE presented NTSC 99% 27inch QHD LCD panel, and CSOT showed NTSC 118% 55inch UHD LCD panel. Particularly, CSOT exhibited 4mm thick 32inch FHD LCD TV and 5.5 mm thick 4K curved LCD panel; this showed that LCD is able to catch up to OLED’s thinness and color gamut advantages. Thus, with LCD’s continuous new technology development and price competitiveness, LCD and OLED’s leadership competition will once again heat up in next generation display’

The current large area TV market is led by LCD and OLED is slowly expanding the market starting with premium TV. Even in premium market, with price competitiveness LCD is one step ahead with QD film applied LCD TV. Therefore, the technology development of LCD that is catching up to OLED’s advantages is expected to be a hurdle for OLED’s market opening.

Although LCD’s color gamut, thickness, contrast ratio, and response time is being continually improved and can approach to OLED’s level but cannot be equal to OLED in all areas. For example, if the thickness is reduced in LCD, the QD film application needed for increased color gamut is difficult. Even if panel with many positive traits altogether is developed, it is expected to take much time giving OLED chance to drop the price to LCD level. Therefore, reducing OLED panel’s price by OLED’s active investment and yield achievement is analyzed to be an essential condition for next generation display leadership.

[SID 2015] JDI’s Flexible White OLED Scheduler

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Japan Display (JDI) revealed product level of flexible OLED exceeding the demonstration standard of OLED panel exhibition. JDI has been carrying out white OLED panel development for several years, and had shown 5.2 inch flexible AMOLED panel in Display Innovation 2014.

5.2 inch flexible OLED panel revealed in SID 2015 is similar to last year’s flexible panel. It is 5 inch FHD (423ppi) with 0.05mm thickness and pixel structure formed by combining white OLED and color filter. LTPS TFT was used for backplane.

Flexible OLED produced by Samsung Display and LG Display has RGB structure. While the resolution is FHD, as it uses pentile type drive the actual resolution is about 320ppi. However, flexible OLED revealed by JDI has white OLED structure, which is structurally similar to WRGB OLED for OLED TV currently being produced by LG Display.JDI1 JDI2

[SID 2015] OLED’s Endless Evolution. SEL Reveals 8K Foldable AMOLED Panel

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During the author interview on 3 June, first day of SID 2015 Symposium, Japan’s SEL (Semiconductor Energy Laboratory) revealed 13.5 inch 8K foldable AMOLED panel and drew most attention in the room. During the last year’s SID, SEL showcased OLED’s most evolved product at the time with 5.9 inch foldable AMOLED panel and 13.3 inch 8K AMOLED panel.

The 13.5 inch 8K foldable AMOLED panel that was shown this year is a product that combined last year’s foldable and 8K technology. It utilized RGB laminated white OLED, RGB color filter, and top emission structure. Additionally, 664ppi was actualized through 3Tr+1C/Cell structure and external correction method.

SEL2 SEL1

[SID2015] What is the Answer for Flexible & Transparent with Excellent Image Quality?

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In SID 2015 Display Week (31 May – 5 June), LG Display’s CTO In Byeong Kang gave a keynote speech. He explained that future display in everyday lives will be actively applied to home, office, street, and mobile device areas through various applications including window, ceiling, mirror, kitchen, automotive, desk, commercial, and wearables. He added that OLED will be the answer to key technology of flexible display (curved, rolling, and folding), large-area transparent, and excellent image quality.

Key issues of flexible are bending radius and reliability. Kang emphasized that in order to reduce the bending radius, thinner substrate is needed, and to improve reliability, new material, components development, and internal and external shock mechanism research is important. He mentioned that although OLED is good for transparent’s transparency, light control, and reflectivity as key technology, LCD and LED display also have advantages of their own in transparent display realization. Kang concluded the presentation with the emphasis on the need of expansion into automotive, watch, architecture, and furniture companies from existing panel, material, and components companies’ ecosystem for commercialization of flexible and transparent display.

LG Display is currently mass producing plastic OLED panel for smart watch, and aiming for 80% automotive display market occupation in 2018 with approx. US$ 2,000,000,000,000 of revenue. In SID 2015, LG Display exhibited 18 inch rollable OLED panel, and 12.3 inch automotive OLED panel. Through the OLED and ecosystem’s expansion, it is anticipated LG Display will lead flexible and transparent display market following OLED TV.

Seoul National University’s Research Team Lead by Professor Changhee Lee Succeed in Developing High Output QLED Emitting True Ultraviolet Light

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South Korean research team lead by Professor Changhee Lee in Seoul University succeeded in making first quantum dots that emit ultraviolet light and used them to produce a flexible, light-emitting diode.

UV light is usually produced by mercury lamps or LEDs made from inorganic materials such as gallium nitride (GaN). However, mercury lamps tend to emit a wide range of visible wavelengths as well as UV, and high-performance gallium nitride LEDs are expensive to make. According to Professor Lee, quantum dots are an attractive alternative which can be made using potentially less expensive solution-based processes.

Quantum dots, made out of a semiconductor material, emits different wavelengths depending on the size and shapes. The smaller the crystal, the shorter the wavelength of the light it emits. The Professor Lee’s team is the first in succeeding in making quantum dots that emit wavelengths shorter than about 400 nm, the high end of the UV spectrum.

In order to produce UV nanocrystals, the team had to figure out how to make quantum dots with light-emitting cores smaller than 3 nm in diameter. To make these, the team utilized cadmium zinc sulfide, which emits high-frequency light, zinc sulfide shell. The quantum dots produced through this method emit true UV radiation at about 377 nm. Professor Lee explained that they “can go to much shorter wavelengths than people generally expected from quantum dots”.

The research group then made a flexible LED with the quantum dots, using a design for a high-efficiency device they developed in 2012. Professor Lee’s team showed that the UV LED could illuminate an anticounterfeiting mark in a bill of paper currency. Franky So, a materials scientist at the University of Florida, says making a device out of the quantum dots that shines brightly enough to reveal the currency mark is a remarkable accomplishment. If their lifetimes can be improved, these potentially low-cost UV LEDs could find uses in counterfeit currency detection, water sterilization, and industrial applications.

The research team headed by Professor Lee includes Seoul National University, Professor Seonghoon Lee and Professor Koonheon Char, and Dong-a University’s Professor Jeonghun Kwak. The research was published in Nano Letters (Nano Lett. 2015, DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00392), a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal, and reported on Chemistry & Engineering (27 May), published by the American Chemical Society.11

Lighting Industry Market Control by Stable Major Companies, OLED Lighting Shakes It Up

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Key companies of lighting industry, such as Osram, Philips, Panasonic, and GE Lighting, occupies approximately 70% of total lighting market and maintains stable entry barrier. Most of the key companies are also actively carrying out OLED lighting development as next generation lighting. As they reveal new OLED lighting panels each year, it is estimated that these companies will play a major role in next generation lighting market.

However, once OLED lighting market is vitalized, the existing lighting companies’ stable market control is expected to be rattled.

OLED Lighting Annual Report, published by UBI Research, pointed out that major lighting companies have already invested in LED lighting in large scale, and estimated until the investment cost is returned new investment for OLED lighting will be difficult. To stimulate OLED lighting market the report suggested push market, a strategy being used in display market. According to the report, the production cost competitiveness can be achieved through aggressive investment by LG Chem. and new OLED lighting companies such as Lumiotec. The report also estimated once OLED lighting market is open through aggressive investment and push market strategy, the lighting market leadership will be transferred to new OLED lighting companies which invested in OLED lighting early from major companies which missed investment timing.

Total Lighting Market Structure Forecast

Total Lighting Market Structure Forecast

OLED lighting market is currently being formed through specialized uses such as for interior/outdoor design, shop, restaurant, medical, and cosmetic. Konica Minolta has already completed mass production line investment and the line has been in operation since the end of 2014. LG Chem. is also positively considering mass production line investment. When OLED lighting panel’s active mass production begins, the market is forecast to expand as specialized lighting and replacement lighting for incandescent and fluorescent lights. From 2020, when OLED lighting panel is estimated to achieve reasonable price as interior lighting through major panel companies’ active mass production, it is estimated it will grow by encroaching part of LED lighting market.

From 2017 OLED lighting panel market for interior lighting is forecast to grow rapidly at CAGR of approximately 90%, and record US$ 5,700 million revenue in 2025. Flexible OLED lighting panel is estimated to be used where normal lighting application is difficult and occupy approximately 27% of OLED interior lighting market in 2025.

Interior Lighting Market Forecast

Interior Lighting Market Forecast

 

Visionox, Close to High Resolution AMOLED Panel Mass Production

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Visionox is earnestly developing high resolution flexible AMOLED panel with impending active AMOLED mass production. In CITE 2015 (April 9 – 11), held in Shenzhen in China, Visionox exhibited AMOLED product and OLED lighting.

 

AMOLED Display Panel by Visionox

AMOLED Display Panel by Visionox Source: Visionox

 

According to Visionox, although they cannot reveal detailed specifications as it is a newly developed prototype, they solved color shift issue and produced high resolution panel using high pixel arrangement technology. As a next generation product, flexible AMOLED mass production line is being considered.

 

In April 2014, Visionox developed 4.3inch 570ppi resolution AMOLED panel by developing new pixel formation technology. Additionally, Visionox established first Gen5.5. AMOLED mass production line at the end of 2014 and is preparing for active mass production. Mass production capacity is 15K and the products will be used in devices such as mobile phones.

 

OLED Light by Visionox

OLED Light by Visionox Source: Visionnox

 

Visionox is also focusing on OLED lighting panel industry. In 2009, Visionox produced first OLED decoration lighting products in Mainland China. Visionox is aiming for OLED lighting panel mass production in 2017, and working on improving lifetime and luminous efficiency.

DOE Selects 4 OLED Projects for 2015 SSL R&D Lighting Awards

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Earlier this month U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) announced 2015 Solid-State Lighting (SSL) Program awards. This is a part of DoE initiative to accelerate the adoption of SSL technology and focuses on developing an energy-efficient, full spectrum, white light source for general illumination. Through SSL technology, DoE hopes to reduce U.S. lighting energy usage and contribute to climate change solutions.

 

For 2015 SSL Program awards, 9 projects were selected and of these 4 were OLED projects. Acuity Brands, Arizona State University, Sinovia Technologies, and University of Michigan received a total of approximately US$3,800,000.

 

Acuity Brands received US$ 455,131 to develop an OLED luminaire that features DC current drivers integrated with each panel, and a base station that interfaces with user control input, provides power to the OLED panels, and translates the control input to desired functionalities of the panels.

 

Arizona State University received US$ 700,000 to focus on developing an efficient and stable phosphorescent material, quick-screening it, and incorporating it into a state-of-the-art OLED.

 

Sinovia Technologies received US$ 1,326,170 to combine a barrier film technology with a nanowire transparent conduction film to make a single substrate product that will improve light extraction and lower the cost of OLEDs.

 

US$ 1,314,240 was awarded to University of Michigan to focus on new strategies for increasing the lifetime of blue phosphorescent OLEDs (PHOLEDs).

 

Additionally, DoE selected 4 OLED lighting projects earlier this year through SBIR-STTR Grants (Small Business Innovation Research to OLEDWorks, MicroContinuum, and Pixelligent Technologies, and awarded approx. US$ 2,250,000 in total. This brings the total amount so far that DoE invested in OLED lighting projects in 2015 to approx. US$ 6,000,000, which is an increase of about US$ 1,600,000 from 2014.

 

2015 DoE Funded OLED Lighting Projects

2015 DoE Funded OLED Lighting Projects

100x100mm OLED Lighting Panel Production Cost, US$ 2.5 Also Possible

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As environmental issues are becoming a global concern, countries around the world are introducing environmental policies. Lighting occupies approximately 1,900,000,000 tonnes of global annual carbon dioxide emissions, and is becoming a big environmental regulation issue. Also as it takes up 25% of global power consumption it is an important area for energy reduction. Restriction regarding incandescent light, which used to be the main lighting, started and with active regulation on fluorescent light expected to begin, next generation lighting market is forecast to grow considerably.

At present, LED is in spotlight as the next generation lighting, rapidly expanding the market with its high efficiency and lifetime, replacing incandescent and fluorescent light. OLED does not contain harmful materials or light, and as lighting with high energy efficiency, it is receiving much attention as the most suitable next generation light for environmental and energy reducing policies. However, due to the steep price compared to LED, the market is growing more slowly than estimated.

According to UBI Research’s OLED Lighting Annual Report, published today (14th May), if 100mmx100mm is mass produced using equipment size of 1270mmx1270mm, OLED lighting panel production cost is analyzed to fall to US$ 5 or lower from 3rd year of mass production, and US$ 2.5 from 10th year (when 1 min tack time/single stack). This price is higher than US$ 1 – 3 of incandescent and fluorescent lights but much lower than approximately US$ 10 of LED lamp for interior lighting (60~70lm/W). Additionally, OLED lighting panel is currently being mass produced with superior efficiency and lifetime compared to incandescent and fluorescent lighting, and being developed with efficiency equal to LED. Considering these factors, if active mass production investments by OLED lighting panel companies take place, the market share within the lighting sector is estimated to rapidly increase.

OLED Lighting Annual Report forecast that in the early stages of mass production OLED lighting will form market focusing on areas where OLED lighting’s merits can be utilized in areas such as automotive, medical use, cosmetics, and exhibitions and not through main lighting. However, once mass production competitiveness is achieved, it is expected to quickly expand in main lighting market. Additionally, lighting market with high added value could be created through differentiation using flexible and transparent, and forecast the market to grow to show US$ 2,800,000,000 by 2020, and occupy approximately 10% of the total lighting market.graph

[Analyst Column] Green Light Lit for Korean Display Industry?

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Dr. Choong Hoon Yi, Chief Analyst of UBI Research

Source: UBI Research

Source: UBI Research

 

After the weak showing of 5 quarters, Korea’s display panel industry is distinctively showing trend of growth. According to Samsung Electronics and LG Display’s 1Q 2015 performance announcements, the total sales of Korean display of 1Q is approximately US$ 12,900,000,000. Compared to the previous quarter (QoQ) the sales showed a decrease of 9%, but compared to the same quarter of the previous year (YoY) it is a 20% increase.

 

The worst quarter of the last 2 years, in terms of sales performance, was 4Q 2013. Generally, 4Q which includes Christmas season shows best performance but in 2013 the numbers actually fell compared to 3Q. However, 2014 showed the more general flow of continued sales increase every quarter.

 

According to this quarterly performance, it is analyzed that 2015 Korean display panel will fit the growth pattern; YoY of this quarter and previous quarter shows 14% and 20% of growth respectively.

 

Source: UBI Research

Source: UBI Research

 

The reason for Korean display industry’s recovery trend is LG Display’s continued positive performance. Comparing the market share in sales between Samsung Display and LG Display, LG Display is leading the market for the past 3 quarters occupying more than 50%.

 

The elevation in LG Display’s performance is seen to be from Apple iPhone 6’s improved performance. However, as the iPhone 6’s shipment increases, it is likely that the rival Samsung Electronics’ Galaxy sales will fall, leading toward the possible slowdown of Samsung Display’s performance.

 

Samsung Display and LG Display’s success will inevitably differ depending on the market share of world leading smart phone companies that they supply, Samsung Electronics and Apple. However, the Korean display industry, no matter which Korean company comes ahead, is expected to continue its growth.

Samsung Display’s Deep Investment Concern for A2 and A3 Lines

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Due to the shortage in supply of Galaxy S6 Edge from its higher than expected demand, Samsung Display’s worry regarding flexible AMOLED line investment is deepening.

 

Samsung Electronics’ announced target sales for Galaxy S6 and S6 Edge is 70,000,000 units. If the S6 Edge sales occupies approximately 40%, it is estimated that about 28,000,000 units of S6 Edge will be sold.

 

Samsung Display’s A2 and A3 lines can produce flexible AMOLED panel that is currently used for S6 Edge. Considering the yield and operation rate, it is analyzed that approximately 5,000,000 units can be produced from A2 in a quarter, and 7,000,000 units from A3 (A2 line = 15K, A3 line = 15K). However, as only A2 was in operation in 1Q, assuming that about 5,000,000 units were supplied, and that A3 will also be operational from 2Q, it is forecast that approximately 12,000,000 units will be supplied. Therefore, it is estimated that A2 and A3 lines have to be in full operation until 3Q to meet the demand for S6 Edge.

 

However, if flexible AMOLED panel is applied to the new Galaxy Note model in 4Q, the preparation for mass production needs to begin from 3Q. Hence, with the current Samsung Display’s flexible mass production capa., it looks to be difficult to meet the demand for flexible AMOLED panel. Consequently, Samsung’s additional flexible AMOLED line expansion seems unavoidable.

 

To establish additional capa. Samsung Display could consider replacement investment for A2 line, or expanding the A3 line. If A2 line is replacement invested, the investment cost would decrease and move up the mass production schedule. Nevertheless, the fall in the total market share has to be considered following the reduced rigid panel supply from diminished capa. of rigid AMOLED panel. If A3 line is expanded, the investment cost and time required will be higher but considering future supply to other set companies that are not Samsung Electronics, this is analyzed to be more advantageous compared to the replacement investment for A2 line.

 

As a result, the industry’s attention is focused on how Samsung Display will choose between A2 line and A3 line, or if both will be carried out.

By DaRae Kim, reporter@olednet.co.kr

OLEDWorks to Acquire Parts of Philips’ OLED Business

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Philips and OLEDWorks signed an agreement that is expected to have significant effect on future direction for the OLED sector of the Philips. On April 28, OLEDWorks announced that they will acquire key parts of Philips’ OLED lighting business.

 

According to OLEDWork’s press release, Philips will establish a new legal entity and transfer key parts of its OLED business in the next few months. This will include the production facility in Aachen, Germany, and relevant intellectual property. All shares of the new entity will subsequently be sold to OLEDWorks. Once the new company has been established, OLEDWorks will be granted license by Philips to market its OLED light source components under the Philips brand. Philips will remain a distributor of the panels through OEM sales channels.

 

OLEDWorks CEO David DeJoy explained that this deal will broaden their mission to deliver high performance OLED light engine to a wide range of lighting applications. Eric Rondolat, CEO of Philips, added it “will enable [them] to focus [their] business and resources on developing innovative connected lighting systems and services for professional and consumer markets”.

 

OLEDWorks is based in Rochester, New York. Founded in 2010, OLEDWorks is the only US-based OLED light engine and panel manufacturer. Currently, OLEDWorks is producing 2 models of white OLED lighting panel samples in sizes of 43×101.6×3.2mm and 65x175x2.0mm. There are 2 kinds of color temperatures, 3,000K and 3,500K, with efficiency of 45lm/W, and lifetime of 10,000 hours or longer (LT70 @ 3,000 cd/m2).

LG Electronics, Not Selling OLED TV? Or Can’t Sell?

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OLED TV business that LG Electronics ambitiously prepared for is remaining at a standstill for more than 2 years. Korean media is reporting that the OLED TV sales in Korea reached 3,000 units per month, but this figure is too weak.

 

The money that LG Display have invested in line establishment for OLED panel for TV is already exceeding approx. US$ 1,400,000,000. Annual depreciation cost for equipment investment alone, excluding cost of labor and material, is approx. US$ 280,000,000.

 

Considering the current cost for FHD OLED TV is approx. US$ 1,800 – 3,300, monthly sales of 3,000 units in Korea only result in approx. US$ 9,400,000. With approx. 10,000 units per month being sold in the world, monthly revenue is merely US$ 23,000,000.

 

Although LG Display is aiming for 600,000 units of OLED panel for TV shipment this year, with LG Electronics’ first quarter world OLED TV sales of approx. 30,000 units, there is concern that only 100,000 – 200,000 units will be sold in 2015.

 

It is difficult to understand whether this uncommonly low sales of LG Electronics’ OLED TV is because they are not selling them or unable to sell them.

 

It seems plain that the initial price of OLED TV in 2013, approx. US$ 14,000, was set in order to not sell. LED TV at the time was being sold at approx. US$ 2,800, and the 5 times more expensive price was too high to be considered a normal premium price. Consequently, the 2013 OLED TV market stopped at around 10,000 units, and in 2014 remained around 100,000 units.

 

At this point, feasible production rate for LG Display’s 55 inch FHD OLED panel needs to be compared. In 2013, LG Display’s M1 line yield rate was approx. 40% with annual possible production of 50,000 – 100,000 units. As the yield rate increased to 80% in 2014, it is estimated that 200,000 units or more would have been produced.

 

Compared to LG Display’s investment cost and production potential, the LG Electronics’ OLED TV sales results are too shabby.

 

Of course, as the current main product on the market is FHD, when the newly released UHD OLED TV market actively opens the figures could always change. However, with 55 inch UHD OLED TV having to compete with Samsung Electronics’ SUHD TV, the market is not so easy. SUHD TV costs approx. US$ 3,700, and UHD OLED TV costs about 25% more with US$ 5,100.

 

Compared to the initial price of FHD OLED TV, approx. US$ 14,000, 2 years ago the UHD OLED TV price is low enough to be quite reasonable. However, with the performance of past 2 years it appears that LG Display might be inadequate to widely open the OLED TV market.

 

It makes one wonder how Samsung Electronics became the world leading company with their OLED panel equipped Galaxy series achieving 20% mobile market share, a market that used to be dominated by LCD panel.

LG Electronics Actively Release 55 inch UHD OLED TV, Begins Intense Competition with UHD LCD

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LG Electronics’ 55 inch UHD curved OLED TV, soon to be released, have been revealed on USA’s Amazon.com (www.amazon.com) in the 3rd week of April for the first time. With the price of US$ 5,499, it is US$ 3,500 lower than 65 inch UHD curved OLED TV (US$ 8,999), and US$ 1,500 higher than Samsung Electronics’ equivalent 55 inch curved SUHD TV (US$ 3,998).

 

Comparing LG Elec.’s 55 inch curved FHD OLED TV and 55/65 inch curved UHD OLED TV with Samsung’s equivalent LED TV and SUHD TV in terms of price on Amazon.com in the 3rd week of April, the price difference are shown to be approx. US$ 1,100 for 55 inch FHD, US$ 1,500 in 55 inch UHD, and US$ 4,000 for 65 inch UHD.

 

The release price for this 55 inch UHD curved OLED TV is more reasonable than previously released models and future market for next generation TV is expected to be fierce; 55 inch FHD curved OLED TV was released at US$ 15,000, and 65 inch UHD curved OLED TV was at US$ 12,000, which were more than twice the price of LCD TV of equal specification.

 

As the price of FHD curved OLED TV is falling by approx. 60% annually since its release, UBI Research’s White OLED Display Annual Report (published on April 15) forecast that UHD curved OLED TV will be able to compete with Samsung’s SUHD TV in terms of price if they can achieve FHD OLED TV level of yield.

 

On the other hand, during the 1st OLED KOREA Conference, LG Display revealed that FHD OLED TV panel yield rate exceeded 80% and that they are aiming for 80% of yield for UHD OLED TV panel by the end of 2015.

Price Difference between LG OLED TV and SUHD TV

 

LG Electronics’ 55 inch UHD curved OLED TV, www.amazon.com

LG Display Reports Performance, Focus on Structure Differentiation Through OLED TV

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On April 22, LG Display reported their first quarter of 2015 performance announcing their success in OLED TV market entrance with balanced results in mass production yield rate, timing, and management. They also revealed their panel production targets of 600,000 units this year, and 1,500,000 units in 2016.

 

LG Display’s CFO Sang-don Kim announced that “OLED TV was about technology innovation until last year, this year it will be innovation in consumers and yield rate, and by next year it will be decided whether it has popularization potential”. He added LG Display will “focus on increasing the business values rather than immediate profit and methodically proceed with OLED focused strategy for structural differentiation in large size display”. He also revealed LG Display will decide on additional investment after observing OLED TV market’s growth potential.

 

Regarding China’s BOE Gen10.5 investment, a recent issue, he forecast “much time is needed to begin set up and if Chinese companies run into problems while working on enlarging the display it is estimated that they will return to 30inch. Therefore LG Display’s large area panel sales will not be much affected”. He explained in regards to LG Display’s Gen10.5 large area LCD investment that it will be decided after careful examination considering the cost and market maturity.

 

LG Display also revealed a decrease in sales in small to mid-size display, such as tablet, due to seasonal factors. However for large size display, they announced as a result of improved performance, the total business profit recorded approx. 687 million USD, an 11% increase compared to the previous quarter (approx. 578 million USD), and showed surplus in business profit for the 12 consecutive quarters.

LG Display CFO Sang-don Kim

[Euroluce 2015] Kaneka Exhibits OLED Lighting Panel with 50 Thousand Hours of Lifetime

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Marketing activities in Europe by Kaneka, one of Japan’s key OLED lighting panel companies, is attracting attention. Kaneka, the only company with active European marketing out of many OLED lighting companies in Japan, participated in Euroluce, a biennial event, in 2013 as well as 2015. Unlike most of Japanese OLED lighting companies whose promotion activities are focused on their domestic market, Kaneka is enthusiastic regarding lighting exhibition in Europe. This is analyzed to be because Kaneka is aiming for market expansion into Europe and North America, as well as Japan’s domestic market.

 

Kaneka explained that, “OLED lighting is suitable for European customers who consider design and diversity to be important as they have good energy efficiency, thin surface light source, soft light, and ability to produce various colors”, and revealed “increasing European consumers’ awareness of OLED lighting is the priority assignment and the main reason for this exhibition”.

 

In Euroluce 2015, Kaneka exhibited OLED lighting panel with 50 thousand hours of lifetime with 1.05mm thickness. They presented 5 colors of white, red, amber, blue, and green with 3 different panel sizes of 80x80mm, 100x100mm, and 143x23mm.

 

Kaneka possesses a manufacturing line that can produce 20,000 panels per year, and in past have announced their target of approx. 50 billion Yen in revenue by 2020.

 

Kaneka Booth, Euroluce 2015

Kaneka Booth, Euroluce 2015

[Analyst Column] The Reason Samsung Must Undertake OLED TV and Technology Course Analysis

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Yi Choong Hoon Yi, Chief Analysis / UBI Research

In 2014, as the revenue and business profit fluctuated greatly per quarter, Samsung Display carried out management evaluation with BCG. One of the conclusions is known to be Gen10 LCD investment together with large area OLED for TV investment.

Gen10 LCD line investment is seen to be a countermeasure against Chinese display companies that continue their aggressive investment and display industry that is expanding in information society. It is analyzed that the large area OLED line investment is to prepare for the OLED TV market growth which has superior picture quality compared to LCD and to control their biggest rival company LG’s WRGB OLED TV market expansion which is maintaining their investment.

These two plans are obvious conclusions that any display expert can draw.

However, any experts who know Korea’s display would recognize that Gen10 LCD line investment is not suitable for Korea. This is because even if Korea expands the market share by investing in Gen10 LCD line they will still be weak against Chinese display companies in price. Korean display companies only sell high quality goods and 90~95% is the limit of yield rate. In comparison, in China the size of the population who can easily purchase expensive high quality TV and the consumers who demands lower priced goods are both huge; faulty display panels have a place in Chinese market. Chinese display companies can also sell lower quality panels through close relationship with lower price TV production companies with factories in China. Theoretically, this can lower the panel price as yield rate close to 100% can be achieved. Furthermore, support from Chinese government and cheap factory construction cost increases price competitiveness of Chinese display companies even more.

The reason Japanese display companies had no choice but to give up LCD market to Korean display companies was also because they could not continue LCD investment with their difficulty in price competitiveness. Although Sharp vigorously continued investing until Gen10 line, the result was decision to sell small size LCD line for mobile device due to the accumulated deficit.

If Samsung Display decides on Gen10 investment, it is highly likely that they will follow similar path to Sharp’s, increasing the risks rather than sales. It is more effective for Samsung Electronics to lead TV industry using Chinese companies’ cheap LCD panel with good definition rather than producing TV using expensive Korean LCD panels with good picture quality. The fact that there are no comments regarding Gen10 investment within Samsung Display can be interpreted that there are experts with good understanding of display industry.

Unlike the current Samsung Elec. business strategy where the focus is exclusively on quantum dot technology applied LCD SUHD TV, the large size line investment decision for OLED TV production is a conclusion that requires change in Samsung’s business strategy. In CES 2015, Samsung Elec. exhibited SUHD TV and OLED TV in comparison and highlighted LCD TV’s superiority in picture quality. If SUHD TV is more competitive than OLED TV, it is not worth investing any further.

However, the story is different in smart phone market. This is because Samsung Elec.’s flagship model Galaxy series all use AMOLED. One of the differentiation strategies that Samsung Elec. is using when selling Galaxy series is OLED. Wireless department of Samsung Elec. expanded the market share to 20% using the smart phone with the word ‘OLED’ attached. Most recently, flexible OLED applied Galaxy S6 Edge is hugely popular.

Samsung Elec.’s smart phone business department, IM, is recording twice the amount of revenue of VD business department that produces TV. Therefore that VD department’s marketing method of emphasizing OLED has worse definition than LCD is contradictory since IM department is marketing their product by valuing the superior picture quality of OLED over LCD. If QD-LCD is good then obviously the panel for Galaxy S series also has to be replaced to QD-LCD. Insisting that OLED has better picture quality in smart phone and LCD is superior in TV is mutually incompatible. This kind of dual behavior could result in Samsung Elec.’s rationales to be considered as ones by the boy who cried wolf. For the future expansion of Samsung Elec.’s smart phone market, VD department also has to produce OLED TV and establish the equation of ‘Samsung Elec. = OLED’ in order to complete the business strategy.

This is the reason Samsung must undertake OLED TV.

Nevertheless, problems are numerous. OLED TV produced by Samsung Elec. in 2013 was deemed to be marginally inferior in terms of completeness and picture quality compared to LG Electronics’ OLED TV by UBI Research’s Picture Quality Analysis Report and an article in OLEDNET. Since then Samsung Elec. halted OLED TV production practically acknowledging that their own OLED TV could not compete against LG Elec.’s product. The reason for this could be attributed to TV’s lower completeness but the fundamental reason lied in the fact that Samsung Display’s RBG OLED panel production method and characteristics could not compete against LG Display’s WRGB OLED in picture quality and competitiveness.

RGB OLED for Large area uses fine metal mask similar to small size AMOLED, and therefore OLED panel production is not possible using Gen8 mother glass and has to use evaporator for Gen8 glass cut into 6. As LG Display’s WRGB OLED manufactures pixels using white OLED with color filter fine metal mask is not required which allows for OLED panel production in Gen8 without cutting. Compared to the fact the rival company LG Display is using 1 Gen8 evaporator, Samsung Display requires 6 evaporators. The increased number of evaporators obviously leads to an increase in investment cost and the panel production cost cannot but be higher than LG Display.

Even in TFT production cost, Samsung Display is weaker in comparison to LG Display. LTPS-TFT process used by Samsung Display requires 8~9 mask processes but LG Display is using oxide TFT which needs 4~5. Therefore, it has an advantage of minimizing the investment cost when LCD line is transformed to OLED line. For Samsung Display to transform existing LCD line to OLED line, they have to add a huge amount of capital to the LTPS-TFT production. If they transform the existing 200K LCD factory to OLED line, the capa. also decreases to 90K, but LG Display can maintain the 200K volume without any loss. When OLED is produced transforming the existing LCD line, LG Display does not need additional factory construction but it is calculated that Samsung Display has to build another factory of equal size.

In encapsulation process, LG Display, which uses hybrid encapsulation technology, remains advantageous. This completes the OLED panel production by attaching adhesive film laminated metal foil on top of passivation which is a moisture proof structure made with 2~3 layers of passivation after OLED device production. The OLED panel for TV that was mass produced by Samsung Display in 2013 also used hybrid encapsulation structure. The difference was that the top substrate was glass. However, as Samsung Display was accused by LG Display for appropriating their encapsulation technology, Samsung is currently developing dam & fill method of hybrid encapsulation technology. Samsung Display’s dam & fill hybrid encapsulation technology shares the part of forming passivation layer on top of device with LG Display. However, after that Samsung Display applies curing agent using ODF (one drop filling) method to the dam made with organic materials on the outside of the panel. They then attach the glass substrate and harden. Although it would be better if the dam production could occur simultaneously as PDL (pixel define layer) process, generally as PDL layer is on top of TFT and dam structure is on the outside of the panel, height difference could develop leading to difficulty in upper substrate attachment. Furthermore, if the dam height is lower than PDL’s, it is unfavorable for the curved design which is the latest TV trend. Accordingly, if the dam formation process ensues after passivation is complete, further mask process is necessary which increases cost due to the added equipment investment. Samsung Display’s encapsulation process is a continuous operation whereas LG Display’s process can attach the coring film to the metal foil and send the selected high quality products to attachment process; for yield rate management, LG Display is better suited. Dam & fill method has to fill the liquid curing resin first before the attachment of upper substrate. This means that several hundreds of um thickness of glass substrate attachment is more appropriate rather than attaching metal foil of dozens of um thickness. In that case, metal foil cannot be used and additional heat sink materials are required. In encapsulation process, LG Display technology is better for mass production and has an advantage of being able to lower the production cost.

In conclusion, for Samsung Display to re-enter OLED panel for TV industry, rather than using their existing technology of LTPS-TFT, RGB OLED, and damn & fill encapsulation, it is better to use the technology being used by LG Display such as oxide TFT structure, WRGB OLED structure and lamination method of encapsulation structure that uses adhesive film.

To challenge large area OLED panel industry again, Samsung Display placed the existing large area OLED team under research lab led by their top OLED expert SungChul Kim. Although there has been no official discussion regarding OLED panel production technology directional course, using the same technology as LG Display’s would be advisable in order to succeed.

In terms of resources, Samsung Display, with their many years of OLED panel mass production experience and several thousands of top quality OLED engineers, is superior compared to LG Display.

Only the patents and decision making processes are left.