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LCD Smartphone is 4K era, what about OLED Smartphone?

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In the past MWC 2017, Sony unveiled the world’s first Smartphone with 4K LCD and it is scheduled to release the Xperia XZ2 Premium with 4K LCD on July 4. Attention is growing whether 4K resolution market is to be launched in earnest in smartphones.

<Xperia XZ2 Premium of Sony, Source: theverge.com>

TV market is already moving beyond the 4K to the 8K. Samsung Electronics and Sharp released new TVs with 8K resolution in the first half and Sony plans to release 8K TVs in the second half. LG Display also exhibited 88inch 8K OLED TV at CES 2018. As such, 8K TV is entering the premium TV market, and smart phones are expected to increase the number of products with 4K resolution in response to the higher resolution of TVs.

In the Smartphone, 4K has been implemented in LCD; however, in the case of OLED, QHD resolution is still dominant for the 4 consecutive years.

<Resolution change of Samsung Galaxy series, Source: UBI Research DB>

This is because there are many restrictions on the fine metal mask (FMM) technology that is being applied to OLED manufacturing. The thickness of FMM applied to the current production is about 20 ~ 30um. For 4K fabrication, the thickness should be as thin as 10um, but it is difficult for existing FMM manufacturing method.

As a result, FMM replacement technologies are being developed for high resolution implementation. Typical technologies under developing, include laser FMM patterning with laser, electroforming manufactured by electroplating method, a fine hybrid mask that is used to form a frame by electroplating on a film and pattern the film with a laser, and a surface source that realizes a high resolution by vertically setting the deposition incident angle.

Deposition technologies for high-resolution manufacturing at various exhibitions and conferences are being introduced. Depending on the availability for securing mass production, it is expected to see not only 4K OLED Smartphone, but also high-resolution AR and VR devices of RGB method.

LCD Smartphone is 4K era, what about OLED Smartphone?

/in /by

In the past MWC 2017, Sony unveiled the world’s first Smartphone with 4K LCD and it is scheduled to release the Xperia XZ2 Premium with 4K LCD on July 4. Attention is growing whether 4K resolution market is to be launched in earnest in smartphones.

<Xperia XZ2 Premium of Sony, Source: theverge.com>

TV market is already moving beyond the 4K to the 8K. Samsung Electronics and Sharp released new TVs with 8K resolution in the first half and Sony plans to release 8K TVs in the second half. LG Display also exhibited 88inch 8K OLED TV at CES 2018. As such, 8K TV is entering the premium TV market, and smart phones are expected to increase the number of products with 4K resolution in response to the higher resolution of TVs.

In the Smartphone, 4K has been implemented in LCD; however, in the case of OLED, QHD resolution is still dominant for the 4 consecutive years.

<Resolution change of Samsung Galaxy series, Source: UBI Research DB>

This is because there are many restrictions on the fine metal mask (FMM) technology that is being applied to OLED manufacturing. The thickness of FMM applied to the current production is about 20 ~ 30um. For 4K fabrication, the thickness should be as thin as 10um, but it is difficult for existing FMM manufacturing method.

As a result, FMM replacement technologies are being developed for high resolution implementation. Typical technologies under developing, include laser FMM patterning with laser, electroforming manufactured by electroplating method, a fine hybrid mask that is used to form a frame by electroplating on a film and pattern the film with a laser, and a surface source that realizes a high resolution by vertically setting the deposition incident angle.

Deposition technologies for high-resolution manufacturing at various exhibitions and conferences are being introduced. Depending on the availability for securing mass production, it is expected to see not only 4K OLED Smartphone, but also high-resolution AR and VR devices of RGB method.

LCD 스마트폰은 4K시대, OLED 스마트폰은?

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지난 MWC 2017에서 소니가 세계 최초로 4K LCD를 탑재한 스마트폰을 공개한데 이어 오는 7월 4K LCD가 탑재된 Xperia XZ2 Premium을 출시할 예정으로 스마트폰에서도 4K 해상도 시장이 본격적으로 열릴 것으로 기대되고 있다.

<Sony의 Xperia XZ2 Premium, Source : theverge.com>

이미 TV시장에서는 4K를 넘어서 8K 시장으로 옮겨가고 있는 중이다. 삼성전자와 샤프는 상반기 8K 해상도의 TV 신제품을 공개하였으며, 소니도 8K TV를 하반기 출시 예정이다. LG Display에서도 88inch 8K OLED TV를 CES 2018에서 전시를 하였다. 이처럼 8K TV가 프리미엄 TV 시장에 진입을 하면서 스마트폰도 TV의 고해상도화에 대응하여 4K 해상도를 가진 제품 출시가 증가할 것으로 예상된다.

하지만 스마트폰에서 LCD는 4K를 구현했지만 아직 OLED는 4년째 QHD 해상도에 머물러있는 상황이다.

<삼성전자 갤럭시 시리즈의 해상도 변화, Source : UBI Research DB>

OLED제조에 적용되고 있는 FMM(fine metal mask) 기술에 제약이 많이 있기 때문이다. 현재 양산에 적용되고 있는 FMM의 두께는 약 20~30um 수준이며, 4K 제조를 위해서는 두께가 10um 수준으로 얇아져야 하지만 기존 FMM 제조방식으로는 어려움을 겪고 있는 상황이다.

이에 따라 고해상도 구현을 위한 FMM 대체기술들이 개발되고 있다. 대표적인 기술로는 레이져로 패터닝을 하는 laser FMM과 전주도금방식으로 제조하는 electroforming, 필름에 전주도금으로 프레임을 형성하고 레이져로 film을 패터닝하는 fine hybrid mask, 증착 입사각을 수직으로 하여 고해상도를 구현하는 면소스 등이 개발 중에 있다.

 

각종 전시회와 학회에서 고해상도 제조를 위한 증착기술들이 공개되고 있는 추세이며, 양산성 확보여부에 따라 앞으로 4K OLED 스마트폰, 더 나아가 RGB 방식의 고해상도 AR, VR 기기를 볼 수 있을 전망이다.